Isothermic Work by a Gas: Linear Relationship or Integration?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the calculation of work done by a gas during isothermal expansion, specifically from initial conditions of p_1 = 8 atm and V_1 = 0.1 m³ to final conditions of p_2 = 1 atm and V_2 = 0.8 m³. The correct method involves using the integral W = ∫(P dV) = nRT ln(V_2/V_1), which was confirmed by the professor after initial confusion regarding a linear relationship assumption. The integral approach is validated as the appropriate method for this scenario, as a linear relationship between pressure and volume does not apply in this case.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of isothermal processes in thermodynamics
  • Familiarity with calculus, specifically integration techniques
  • Knowledge of the ideal gas law and its application
  • Experience with logarithmic functions and their properties
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  • Study the derivation of work done in isothermal processes using the ideal gas law
  • Learn about the implications of non-linear relationships in thermodynamic systems
  • Explore advanced integration techniques relevant to physics problems
  • Investigate common mistakes in thermodynamic calculations and how to avoid them
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, particularly those studying thermodynamics and calculus, as well as educators seeking to clarify common misconceptions in gas law applications.

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Work done by a gas; Isothermic situation

A gas expands isothermically from [tex]p_1 , V_1[/tex] to [tex]p_2 , V_2[/tex] . What is the work done by the gas if [tex]p_1 = 8 atm[/tex] [tex]V_1 = .1m^3[/tex] [tex]p_2 = 1 atm[/tex][tex]V_2 = .8m^3[/tex]?
I solved the problem using the integral P*dv but my teacher posted the solutions this evening and drew a linear relationship between the two and solved that way. The problem as you see above is how it was given to us verbatim. Should I have assumed that there was a linear relationship between the two? This is Physics with Calc so it isn't like we can't do the integration. Here was my solution
[tex]W=pdv=\int_ {V_1}^{V_2}\frac{nRTdV}{V}[/tex]
[tex]nRT=p_1V_1[/tex]
[tex]nRT\ln\frac{V_2}{V_1}[/tex]
[tex]p_1V_1\ln\frac{V_2}{V_1}[/tex]
Then I just plugged in my values and got an answer. I guess my real question is why should I have assumed there was a linear relationship here?
 
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Your solution looks correct to me. I don't see how the correct answer could be obtained by assuming a linear relationship (between P and V, I presume) where one doesn't exist. Did he get the same answer as you?
 
Thanks for your input Doc! Just got a reply from my professor. He said he made a mistake when writing the solutions guide and verified my answer.
 

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