Jet Catapult Work: Calculate Kinetic Energy & Work Done

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To calculate the work done on a fighter jet by a catapult, the thrust of the jet's engines and the distance traveled are provided. The kinetic energy at lift-off is known, but the mass of the jet is not given, complicating the calculations. The relevant equations include work done (W = Fd) and kinetic energy (Ek = 1/2mv^2). The discussion emphasizes the need to find the jet's velocity to apply the formulas effectively. Ultimately, determining the mass is crucial for calculating the total work done by the catapult.
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Homework Statement


A fighter jet is launched from an aircraft carrier with the aid of its own engines and a steam powered catapult. The thrust of its engines is 2.3x10^5 N. In being launched from rest it moves through a distance of 87 m and has a kinetic energy of 4.5x10^7 at lift off. What is the work done on the jet by the catapult


Homework Equations


W= Fd
Ek= 1/2mv^2
W= Ekf - Eki

The Attempt at a Solution


It is clear I need to determine the velocity either from the kinetic energy formula or use it in the 3rd formula to determine the total work ad subtract the thrust of the engines, but what's throwing me off is that the mass is not given and it seems i need it to use these formulae.
 
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The final KE is given, so do you need to know the mass? Use your third equation, then what?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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