Lagrangian function of pendulum

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The discussion focuses on deriving the Lagrangian function for a pendulum with specific parameters. The user presents their Lagrangian equation but notes a discrepancy with the textbook answer, specifically missing a term related to angular velocity. They seek clarification on how to correctly account for the velocity components of the pendulum bob. The response emphasizes the importance of accurately calculating the x and y coordinates and their time derivatives to resolve the issue. Understanding these calculations is crucial for obtaining the correct Lagrangian formulation.
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Homework Statement


Find the Lagrangian and the Lagrangian equations for this pendulum (see the picture). Radius of circle is a, mass of the bob is m and l is the length of the pendulum when it hangs straight down.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


I obtain:
L=\frac{1}{2}m(a^2\dot{\theta}^2+(l+a\theta)^2\dot{\theta}^2)-mg(a\sin\theta-(l+a\theta)\cos\theta)
while the answer in the book misses the term a^2\dot{\theta}^2 - where have I gone wrong?
Thank you in advance.
 

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How did you get that extra term? The x,y coordinates of the bob with respect to the centre of the circle are x=a cos(θ)+(l+a)sin(θ), y=sin(θ)-(l+a)cos(θ). Take the time derivatives to get the x, y components of velocity.

ehild
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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