Laplacian in spherical coordinates

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the total energy of a nucleon system using the Schrödinger equation in spherical coordinates. The user is uncertain about the correct definition of the Laplacian operator to use in their calculations. The correct Laplacian in spherical coordinates is defined as: ∇² = (1/r²)∂_r(r² ∂_r) + (1/(r² sin(θ)))∂_θ(sin(θ) ∂_θ) + (1/(r² sin²(θ)))∂_φ². This definition is essential for accurately computing the total energy using the provided equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Schrödinger equation for quantum systems
  • Familiarity with spherical coordinates in quantum mechanics
  • Knowledge of the Laplacian operator and its applications
  • Basic concepts of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions in quantum mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Laplacian in spherical coordinates
  • Learn about the implications of angular momentum in quantum mechanics
  • Explore numerical methods for solving the Schrödinger equation
  • Investigate potential energy functions in nuclear physics
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Physicists, quantum mechanics students, and researchers working on nuclear systems or quantum simulations will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement


Hello at all!

I have to calculate total energy for a nucleons system by equation:

##E_{tot}=\frac{1}{2}\sum_j(t_{jj}+\epsilon_j)##

with ##\epsilon_j## eigenvalues and:

##t_{jj}=\int \psi_j^*(\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\triangledown^2)\psi_j dr##

My question is: if I'm in spherical coordinates, should I use Laplacian defined by:

##\triangledown^2=\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial r^2}r-\frac{l^2}{r^2}##

or

##\triangledown^2=\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial r^2}r## ?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


At the moment I try to use

##\triangledown^2=\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial r^2}r##

I'm not sure it's the right solution...

Could someone help me?

Thanks!
 
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The Laplace operator in spherical coordinates is
$$
\nabla^2 = \frac{1}{r^2}\partial_r r^2 \partial_r + \frac{1}{r^2\sin(\theta)}\partial_\theta \sin(\theta) \partial_\theta + \frac{1}{r^2\sin^2(\theta)}\partial_\varphi^2.
$$
If it is acting on an eigenfunction of the angular momentum operator then the angular part can be replaced by ##-\ell(\ell+1)/r^2##. It is not clear from your post whether this is the case or not. Please give the full problem statement exactly as given as per forum guidelines.
 
Thanks Orodruin for your answer.
I have not a exercise text to post because it is not an exercise, but part of a work.
I try to explain better what I need to do.
I have created an Schrödinger equation solver for nuclear systems in spherical coordinates. In this case, spherical symmetry leads to an equation independent of angular coordinates and my Schrödinger equation depends only on radial coordinate:

##[-\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\triangledown^2+\frac{\hbar^2 l(l+1)}{2mr^2}+V(r)]\psi(r)=E\psi (r)##

Now, I need to calculate a total energy of the system by equations:

##E_{tot}=\frac{1}{2}\sum_j(t_{jj}+\epsilon_j)##

##t_{jj}=\int \psi_j^*(\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\triangledown^2)\psi_j dr##

I'm not sure if I have to use Laplacian definition, in spherical coordinates, as:

##\triangledown^2=\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial r^2}r-\frac{l^2}{r^2}##

or as:

##\triangledown^2=\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial r^2}r##

I hope I explained myself better.

Thaks!
 

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