Lens Calculations using Refractive Index

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around lens calculations involving refractive indices and the relationships between angles of incidence and refraction. Participants are exploring how to derive certain parameters, particularly focusing on the angle relationships and formulas related to lens geometry.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants are attempting to derive the angle Δ and are questioning the relationships between angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 using Snell's law. There are suggestions to find a formula that relates these angles to other variables like h, r, and d.

Discussion Status

The discussion is active with participants providing hints and suggestions for deriving relationships. Some participants are questioning assumptions made about the relationships between the angles, while others are sharing personal experiences related to the topic.

Contextual Notes

There are indications of confusion regarding the correct relationships between the angles, and some participants express uncertainty about the derivation process. The mention of a theorem suggests that there may be established geometric principles at play that are not fully recognized by all participants.

nao113
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Homework Statement
Consider a lens made of glass with refractive index 𝑛𝑛=1.5 is placed in the air (refractive index =1.0), as shown in the figure. The first surface is plane and the second surface is spherical convex shape whose radius of curvature is 𝑟𝑟=100 [mm]. z-axis is called optical axis. The first surface perpendicularly intersects the optical axis at O, and second surface intersects the optical axis at Q. The thickness of the lens OQ = 𝑑𝑑 = 20 [mm]. A light beam parallel to the optical axis is incident to the lens, where the distance (height) of the beam from the optical axis is h. The refracted beam intersects the optical axis at X. Derive the distance between the lens and the intersection X, Q
Relevant Equations
n1theta1 = n2 theta2
Screen Shot 2022-06-20 at 14.44.44.png

Screen Shot 2022-06-20 at 14.48.32.png


Answer:
I already found the answer for Sin theta 2 like the pic below
20220620_155107.jpg
But, I am still not sure about how to derive delta here. Can anyone show me they way? thank you
 
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Can you find ##\theta_3## in terms of ##\theta_1## and ##\theta_2##? Then use Snell's law to eliminate ##\theta_2##.
 
kuruman said:
Can you find ##\theta_3## in terms of ##\theta_1## and ##\theta_2##? Then use Snell's law to eliminate ##\theta_2##.
WhatsApp Image 2022-06-20 at 11.21.05 PM.jpeg
WhatsApp Image 2022-06-20 at 11.21.06 PM.jpeg
WhatsApp Image 2022-06-20 at 11.21.06 PM-2.jpeg


I put it like this, how is it?
 
nao113 said:
It doesn't look good. How about finding a formula for Δ in terms of ##h##, ##r## and ##d##? Then instead of doing three separate calculations, you can substitute three separate values in the one formula. Even better, load the formula on a spreadsheet. That way it is less likely that you will get an inconsistent answer, you and we can troubleshoot your work more easily.

I see one glaring error that makes your numerical answers incorrect. That is your assertion that $$\sin\theta_3=\sin\theta_2-\sin\theta_1.~~\leftarrow~~\text{This is not correct}$$Why do you think that the sines are related this way? The way to do this problem is to answer the four questions in the order (2), (3), (4) and (1). So let's start with (2), "What is the relation between ##\theta_1##, ##\theta_2## and ##\theta_3##?"
 
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kuruman said:
How about finding a formula for Δ in terms of h, r and d?
Hint: This relationship is a standard piece of lens/mirror plane geometry known as the sagitta theorem. Learn it.
 
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hutchphd said:
Hint: This relationship is a standard piece of lens/mirror plane geometry known as the sagitta theorem. Learn it.
I didn't know it had a theorem name. I always (re)derived it as needed using the Pythagorean theorem.
 
I remember it because I ground a telescope mirror in Jr High school.
Now I am lucky to remember to put on pants...
 
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