Light waves vs. mechanical waves

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The main difference between light waves and mechanical waves is that mechanical waves require a medium to propagate, while light waves do not. Light waves are transverse and exhibit both wave and particle characteristics, a concept known as wave-particle duality. Mechanical waves can be either transverse, like water waves, or longitudinal, like sound waves. The field of optics explores the complexities of light waves, ranging from simple geometric optics to advanced Fourier optics. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for deeper studies in physics.
lah214
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Homework Statement


I just have a question; what's the main difference between light waves and mechanical waves? I know that light waves are transverse. I also know that water waves are transverse, but sound waves are longitudinal. I know that light has a dual nature, and travels in both wave and particle form...but is that the only difference?


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The Attempt at a Solution

 
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It all depends on how deep you want to go down the rabbit hole. You hit the highlights, but light has a whole field named after it, optics, of which you have hardly touched. Optics can range in difficulty, depending on the application, from some of the most complex Fourier optics to some pretty simple geometric optics. I don't know much about mechanical waves, but I'm sure they have more details as well. Anyway, you hit on the branching points, and from there it is which tree you want to follow.
 
There is ONE answer to this.

Mechanical waves require a media, do light waves?

There.
 
good point! thank you so much!
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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