Mechanical properties of solids questions

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the nature of intermolecular forces and their classification as short-range forces in solids. It establishes that intermolecular forces are not purely attractive or repulsive but depend on the distance between molecules. The conclusion drawn is that in solids, the kinetic energy of molecules is less than their potential energy, a concept that applies to molecular interactions within solids, not just atoms.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of intermolecular forces
  • Basic knowledge of kinetic and potential energy
  • Familiarity with solid-state physics
  • Concept of molecular distance and interactions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the characteristics of intermolecular forces in detail
  • Explore the relationship between kinetic and potential energy in solids
  • Investigate the implications of molecular distance on force interactions
  • Learn about the different types of solids and their mechanical properties
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Students studying solid-state physics, educators teaching material science, and researchers interested in the mechanical properties of solids.

Mandavi
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Homework Statement


Intermolecular forces are
1- Attractive only
2-Repulsive only
3-Long-range
4-Short-range


Homework Equations


The 1st and 2nd options are not valid as the nature depends on the distance between the molecules.


The Attempt at a Solution


The answer given is short-range.How is that?Even,at infinity,the force does not become zero as even then,attractive forces should act.Or is it so,because intermolecular distances are measured on a very small scale and therefore,they are not valid for long distances?
 
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This is another question from the same topic.
"In a solid,the kinetic energy of molecules is less than the magnitude of their potential energy."
How did we come to this conclusion?I know it is true for an atom,but why do we say this for molecules of a solid too?
 

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