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These are example programs that sort an array of linked indexes to a primary array. Rather than having an array of indexes, the starting index is returned directly, each entry in the array is the index of the next entry in the array. In otherwords, array(i) contains the index of the next element in both the linked index array as well as the original array, sort of like a linked list, but using indexes instead of pointers to next item and using -1 to indicate the end of a linked index list. The advantage is that only one index array is needed, while a typical merge sort of indexes according to original array would use two index arrays, merging back and forth between the two arrays.
This post shows a top down example:
This post shows a top down example:
Code:
//----------------------------------------------------------------------//
// msli.cpp merge sort using linked indexes top down //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include <ctime>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#define NUMREC (1024*4096) // number of records
typedef unsigned long long UI64;
static clock_t dwTimeStart; // clock values
static clock_t dwTimeStop;
// A[] is array to be sorted
// N[] is array of indexes to next index
// l is index of N[] to left list
// r is index of N[] to right list
// returns starting index (l or r) for merged list
size_t MergeLists(UI64 A[], size_t N[], size_t l, size_t r)
{
size_t head;
size_t *pprev = &head; // ptr: head or N[]
while((l != -1) && (r != -1)){ // while not end lists
if(A[l] <= A[r]){ // if l <= r
*pprev = l; // link to l
pprev = &N[l]; // advance pprev
l=*pprev; // advance l
} else { // else
*pprev = r; // link to r
pprev = &N[r]; // advance pprev
r=*pprev; // advance r
}
}
if(l == -1) // if end of l list
*pprev=r; // link to rest of r
else // else
*pprev=l; // link to rest of l
return head;
}
// A[] is array to be sorted
// N[] is set to array of indexes to next index (-1 = end list)
// low is starting index of A[]
// end is ending index of A[] (1 past last)
// returns starting index of N[] for merged list
size_t MergeSort(UI64 A[], size_t N[], size_t low, size_t end)
{
size_t mid, l, r;
if((end - low) == 0){ // if size == 0
return low; // (only on first call)
}
if((end - low) == 1){ // if size == 1
N[low] = -1; // set N[]
return low; // return index
}
if((end - low) == 2){ // if size == 2
if(A[low] <= A[end-1]){ // if in order
N[low] = end-1; // set N[]
N[end-1] = -1;
return low; // return index
} else { // else
N[end-1] = low; // set N[]
N[low] = -1;
return end-1; // return index
}
}
mid = (low+end)/2; // size > 2, recursively
l = MergeSort(A, N, low, mid); // split lists until
r = MergeSort(A, N, mid, end); // size <= 2
return MergeLists(A, N, l, r); // merge a pair of lists
}
int main ()
{
std::vector <UI64> vData(NUMREC);
std::vector <size_t> vNext(NUMREC);
UI64 d;
size_t i;
// generate data
for(i = 0; i < NUMREC; i++){
d = (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<< 0);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<< 8);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<16);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<24);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<32);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<40);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<48);
d += (((UI64)((rand()>>4) & 0xff))<<56);
*(((UI64 *)&vData[0])+i) = d ;}
// set and sort N[] according to A[]
dwTimeStart = clock();
i = MergeSort(&vData[0], &vNext[0], 0, vData.size());
dwTimeStop = clock();
std::cout << "Number of ticks " << (dwTimeStop-dwTimeStart) << std::endl;
// output data according to N[]
std::ofstream ofs("dsti.bin", std::ofstream::binary | std::ofstream::trunc);
if(!ofs.is_open())
goto exit0;
while(i != -1){
ofs.write((const char *)&vData[i], sizeof(UI64));
i = vNext[i];
}
ofs.close();
exit0:
return(0);
}
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