Minimal coupling in general relativity

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the Einstein-Maxwell action in the context of general relativity, specifically examining the coupling of gravity to electromagnetism. Participants explore the properties of the electromagnetic field tensor in curved spacetime and the implications for the equations of motion derived from the action.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question why the electromagnetic field tensor ##F_{\mu\nu}## can be expressed as ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## in curved spacetime.
  • There is a suggestion that this expression implies the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## could reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## in curved spacetime.
  • One participant emphasizes that the first question regarding the reduction of ##F_{\mu\nu}## is a matter of calculation and encourages others to perform the calculation to understand it better.
  • Another participant seeks assistance in starting the calculation related to ##\nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}##.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express uncertainty regarding the implications of the electromagnetic field tensor's form in curved spacetime. There is no consensus on the reduction of the equations or the interpretation of the covariant derivative.

Contextual Notes

Participants have not fully resolved the mathematical implications of the covariant derivative in relation to the electromagnetic field tensor, and there are assumptions about the applicability of certain equations in curved spacetime that remain unexamined.

spaghetti3451
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Consider the Einstein-Maxwell action (setting units ##G_{N}=1##),

$$S = \frac{1}{16\pi}\int d^{4}x\sqrt{-g}\ (R-F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu})$$

where

$$F_{\mu\nu} = \nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\nabla_{\nu}A_{\mu} = \partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}.$$

This describes gravity coupled to electromagnetism. The equations of motion derived from this action are

$$R_{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{2}g_{\mu\nu}R = 8\pi T_{\mu\nu}$$
$$\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0.$$

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Why does the electromagnetic field tensor ##F_{\mu\nu}## reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## even in curved spacetime?

Would this not mean that the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## would also reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## even in curved spacetime?
 
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spaghetti3451 said:
Consider the Einstein-Maxwell action (setting units ##G_{N}=1##),

$$S = \frac{1}{16\pi}\int d^{4}x\sqrt{-g}\ (R-F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu})$$

where

$$F_{\mu\nu} = \nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\nabla_{\nu}A_{\mu} = \partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}.$$

This describes gravity coupled to electromagnetism. The equations of motion derived from this action are

$$R_{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{2}g_{\mu\nu}R = 8\pi T_{\mu\nu}$$
$$\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0.$$

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Why does the electromagnetic field tensor ##F_{\mu\nu}## reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## even in curved spacetime?

Would this not mean that the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## would also reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## even in curved spacetime?

The first why is simply some calculation. Do it and convince yourself.
 
dextercioby said:
The first why is simply some calculation. Do it and convince yourself.

Can you help me get started?
 
What is ##\nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}## equal to ?
 
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