Mirror: refractive index and thickness

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on measuring the refractive index and thickness of the glass part of a mirror using laser light. The proposed method involves achieving total internal reflection (TIR) at the glass-air interface, which requires precise angles of incidence. Participants suggest using a prism to couple the laser into the glass at a low angle and explore alternative methods involving two measurements of laser beam offset at different entry angles to derive both the refractive index and thickness. The use of Snell-Descartes equations is emphasized for calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Snell-Descartes equations
  • Knowledge of total internal reflection (TIR)
  • Familiarity with laser optics and beam propagation
  • Basic principles of optical measurement techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for measuring refractive index using laser beam offset
  • Explore the use of prisms in optical experiments
  • Study the principles of total internal reflection in detail
  • Learn about optical thickness measurement techniques
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or engineering, optical scientists, and anyone interested in experimental optics and measurement techniques for refractive index and thickness determination.

HappyBlue
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Homework Statement


Hello everyone ! I hope this is the correct place to ask.
Here is my probem: I have to measure the refractive index and the thickness of the glass part of a mirror.

The idea that I have, and that has been approved by my teachers, is the following:
In order to measure the refractive index of the glass part, I have to get to the point of total reflection with a laser. Once the light comes from that angle, I should not see any fringe on a screen that collects the reflected rays. However, I first thought that the disappearance of the fringe will be due to the total reflection of the air-glas interface, which is not possible as the index of the air is lower than the one on the glass. Therefore I thought that the absence of fringe would be due to the total reflection on the glass-air interface (inside the glass part of the mirror), but in that case the angle needed to obtain that inner total reflection is 90° (which means the laser must arrive parallel to te mirror, which is not possible) (I use Snell-Descartes's equtions

Do you have any idea as to how to proceed in order to mesure the refractive index ?

N.B.:This is the part that is blocking me, I already have to equation to measure the thickness of the mirror once I have the index
 
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Welcome to the PF. :smile:
HappyBlue said:
In order to measure the refractive index of the glass part, I have to get to the point of total reflection with a laser.
Do you mean total internal reflection (TIR) inside the glass at the glass-air interface? If so, can you use a prism of some kind to couple the laser into the glass at a low angle?

And it seems like there would be simpler ways to do this. Can you derive both the thickness and refractive index with 2 measurements of laser beam offset using 2 different entry angles? Or does that not give you enough information to calculate both the thickness and refractive index?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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