Moving light bulb sphere of photons

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of photons emitted from a moving light bulb, specifically regarding the shape of the wavefront observed by an observer inside the bulb. It is established that while the speed of light remains constant at 'c' for all observers, the wavefront will appear as a sphere to the observer inside the bulb, despite the bulb's motion along the x-axis. Observers in different frames will perceive Doppler shifting and relativistic beaming, but the spherical nature of the wavefront is maintained due to the invariance of the speed of light across reference frames. The mathematical transformations provided confirm that the wavefront remains spherical in both stationary and moving frames.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity principles, including the constancy of the speed of light.
  • Familiarity with Lorentz transformations and their applications in physics.
  • Basic knowledge of wavefronts and their geometric properties in physics.
  • Concept of Doppler effect and relativistic beaming in light propagation.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and implications of Lorentz transformations in special relativity.
  • Explore the Doppler effect in both sound and light to understand frequency shifts in moving frames.
  • Investigate the concept of relativistic beaming and its effects on light observed from different frames of reference.
  • Examine the mathematical representation of wavefronts in various inertial frames, including spherical wavefronts.
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, students of relativity, and anyone interested in the behavior of light in moving reference frames will benefit from this discussion. It provides insights into the fundamental principles of light propagation and the effects of motion on observed phenomena.

  • #31
matheinste said:
Hello Dreads.

Think of it this way. The centre of the expanding sphere of photons is at rest in EVERY frame. So for ANY observers present at the point of emission, no matter what their relative velocities, the expanding sphere of photons behaves as if any and all of the observers are, and remain, central to it. It is non intuitive and makes no "common sense" but it is due to the speed of light being the same in all inertial frames and is at the very heart of relativity.

Matheinste

is this for real ?

so what you are saying is if we have three observers, OB1, OB2 (and OBkenobee3 sorry couldn't resist that) Ob3 tarvelling along the x, y and z axis and they all intersect at T0 at the origin of a cartersian coor sys. At the origin is a light bulb that turns on at T0

Ob1 is traveling at seed 1 km/h, 0b2 at 0.5 C and ob3 at c what you are saying is that they will all see the same a sphere of photons expanding outwardly in all directions and each observer will percieve themelves at the centre of the sphere?
 
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  • #32
sorry I am a hopeless speller, can't spell striat :)
 
  • #33
Dreads said:
is this for real ?

so what you are saying is if we have three observers, OB1, OB2 (and OBkenobee3 sorry couldn't resist that) Ob3 tarvelling along the x, y and z axis and they all intersect at T0 at the origin of a cartersian coor sys. At the origin is a light bulb that turns on at T0

Ob1 is traveling at seed 1 km/h, 0b2 at 0.5 C and ob3 at c
What are these speeds relative to? The light bulb, perhaps? Keep in mind all speeds are relative in SR. Also, if OB3 is traveling at c, then OB3 does not have his own inertial rest frame, because the only valid inertial frames are ones moving slower than light--maybe we could modify the example so that OB3 is traveling at 0.99c relative to the bulb?
Dreads said:
what you are saying is that they will all see the same a sphere of photons expanding outwardly in all directions and each observer will percieve themelves at the centre of the sphere?
As long as they are inertial observers moving slower than light, then yes, in each of their own inertial rest frames they will remain at the center of the sphere of photons.
 
  • #34
Dreads said:
is this for real ?

so what you are saying is if we have three observers, OB1, OB2 (and OBkenobee3 sorry couldn't resist that) Ob3 tarvelling along the x, y and z axis and they all intersect at T0 at the origin of a cartersian coor sys. At the origin is a light bulb that turns on at T0

Ob1 is traveling at seed 1 km/h, 0b2 at 0.5 C and ob3 at c what you are saying is that they will all see the same a sphere of photons expanding outwardly in all directions and each observer will percieve themelves at the centre of the sphere?

Absolutely correct, except that no observer can travel at c. If we allow that observer to travel at nearly c, then the speed of light is c in all three frames. Therefore, each observer observes a sphere of photons, centered on himself, expanding at speed c.
 

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