Why is D the correct answer for this multiple choice question?

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The discussion centers on a physics problem involving momentum and net force calculations. The user calculates initial and final momentum, resulting in a change in momentum (Δp) of 0.8 and a time interval (Δt) of 0.2 seconds. Using the formula Fnet = Δp/Δt, they determine the net force to be 4N. The correct answer, confirmed as D in the textbook, is clarified to be accurate due to the vector nature of momentum, which includes direction in the calculations. Understanding the vector aspect of momentum helps resolve the confusion regarding the answer.
EF17xx
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Homework Statement



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Homework Equations


Fnet= Δp/Δt
p=mv

The Attempt at a Solution


p (before) = 0.4 x 5 = 2
p (after) = 0.4 x 3 = 1.2
Δp = 0.8
Δt = 0.2
Fnet= Δp/Δt
0.8/0.2 = 4N

Correct answer in textbook is D, I do not understand why?
 

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Momentum is a vector. It has a direction.
 
Thank you that makes sense :)
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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