Name for the neurotransmitter cycle?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the terminology and understanding of the cycle that neurotransmitters undergo as they move from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons and back. Participants explore concepts related to neurotransmitter reuptake, recycling, and the mechanisms involved in synaptic transmission.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about an official term for the neurotransmitter cycle, suggesting "action potential" or "nerve spike" as possible names.
  • Another participant proposes that "reuptake" might define the last stage of the neurotransmitter cycle.
  • A follow-up question is raised regarding the duration of the reuptake cycle and whether there is an adjustment period before neurotransmitters can be reused.
  • One participant elaborates on the concept of neurotransmitter recycling, noting that not all neurotransmitters undergo the same process, as some are chemically broken down rather than recycled.
  • The distinction between action potentials and neurotransmitter cycling is clarified, indicating that action potentials refer to electrical changes rather than the chemical processes of neurotransmitter release and reuptake.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the appropriate terminology for the neurotransmitter cycle, with no consensus reached on a single term. The discussion includes multiple perspectives on the mechanisms involved and the nature of neurotransmitter recycling.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the definitions and processes discussed, particularly concerning the variability among different types of neurotransmitters and their respective recycling mechanisms.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those studying neuroscience, particularly in understanding neurotransmitter dynamics and synaptic transmission processes.

icakeov
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I was wondering if there is an official term for the cycle that neurotransmitters make as they go from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons and back?

Perhaps "action potential" or "nerve spike" could work? I am guessing every spike would involve the crossing of the neurotransmitters and then their return back?
 
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It might be reuptake, which I think defines that last stage
 
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Thanks for that @CapnGranite, on that note, I am also curious how long that cycle of reuptake would usually last. I am guessing it is very quick. And then, can it just go again right away? Or would there be some "adjustment" period before it goes again.
 
icakeov said:
I was wondering if there is an official term for the cycle that neurotransmitters make as they go from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons and back?
Sounds like you are referring to something like a combination of the re-uptake of neurotransmitter molecules after they are released and their reuse in synaptic vesicles. Don't know what the whole system might be called. This kind of recycling only occurs with some transmitters. There are many different kinds of neurotransmitter and not all of them are going to work this way. Some are broken down chemically to inactive them (providing a more discrete signal). The breakdown products may get recycled/reutilized. Most classical (first discovered, most studied) neurotransmitters are small molecules, but a lot of newer neurotransmitters are polypeptides or proteins. Not sure what happens to them.

icakeov said:
Perhaps "action potential" or "nerve spike" could work? I am guessing every spike would involve the crossing of the neurotransmitters and then their return back?
Action potential (and presumably "nerve spike", which I am not familiar with, but assume its the same thing) would be an inappropriate term for chemical cycling of transmitters. An action potential is a self-propagating change in the electric voltage (or potential) across the bilayer lipid membrane. Its is measured and studied electronically.

When an action potential reaches a region where synaptic release can occur, it triggers Ca++ to enter the cell (rather than Na+ which occurs in other places). This triggers synaptic vesicles to fuse with the membrane and dump out their contents (neurotransmitters). That's how action potentials and synapse function are related.
 
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Thanks @BillTre that was very helpful!
 

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