Need help proving an equation for power loss in a dielectric

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving the equation for time-averaged power loss in a dielectric, specifically $$\frac{\bar{P}}{V}=\frac{1}{2}E_0^2\sigma_{AC}$$. The equation is derived using complex sinusoidal voltage and current expressions, where $$\bar{P}$$ represents the average power loss calculated over a time period $$T$$. The user struggles with integrating complex expressions for voltage and current, leading to confusion about the average power calculation. Key insights include the necessity of correctly applying the definitions of voltage and current in the context of AC circuits.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of complex numbers and their application in AC circuit analysis
  • Familiarity with dielectric materials and their properties, including $$\epsilon_r$$ and $$\tan(\delta)$$
  • Knowledge of time-averaged power calculations in electrical engineering
  • Proficiency in calculus, particularly integration of complex functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of power loss equations in dielectric materials
  • Learn about the implications of complex impedance in AC circuits
  • Explore the relationship between voltage, current, and power in sinusoidal waveforms
  • Investigate the use of root mean square (RMS) values in AC power calculations
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, physics students, and anyone involved in the study of AC circuits and dielectric materials will benefit from this discussion.

BaghDal
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Homework Statement


2. Homework Equations
[/B]
I am trying to prove the equation
$$
\frac{\bar{P}}{V}=\frac{1}{2}E_0^2\sigma_{AC}
$$
which can be rewritten as
$$
\begin{align}
\frac{\bar{P}}{V} &= \frac{1}{2}E_0^2\sigma_{AC}\\
&=\frac{1}{2}E_0^2\ \omega\ \epsilon_0\ \epsilon^{''}_r\\
&=\frac{1}{2}E_0^2\ \omega\ \epsilon_0\ \epsilon_r^{'}\ \tan(\delta)
\end{align}
$$
Here $$\bar{P}$$ stands for the time-averaged power loss which satisfies the equation
$$
\bar{P}=\frac{1}{T}\int_0^T U\ I\ dt,
$$
where $$T=\frac{2\pi}{\omega}$$ is the time period, $$U=U_0 e^{j\omega t}$$ is the complex sinusoidal voltage, and $$I=j\omega\epsilon^{'}_rC_0U + \omega\epsilon^{''}_rC_0U$$.
The instructions say to use
$$
\begin{align}
U_0 &= E_0h\\
C &= \epsilon_r\epsilon_0\frac{A}{h}\\
V &= A\ h \\
\sigma_{AC}&=\omega\epsilon_0\epsilon^{''}_r=\epsilon_0\epsilon^{'}_r\tan(\delta)\\
\tan(\delta) &= \frac{\epsilon^{''}_r}{\epsilon^{'}_r}
\end{align}
$$

The Attempt at a Solution



The problem I face is after solving the main integral part, which is like:
$$
\epsilon^{''}_r*(F(T) - F(0)) + j*\epsilon^{'}_r((F(T) - F(0))
$$
where $$F(t) = e^{2j\omega t}$$ and I neglected all the constants for simplicity.
$$F(T)$$ is equal to $$\exp(j*4*\pi)$$ which is 1, making $$(F(T)-F(0))$$ zero and thus the whole equation zero.

I thought of root mean squaring both U and I to begin with, but this gives out $$\sqrt{\epsilon^{''2}_r+\epsilon^{'2}_r/2}$$ term which doesn't seem to lead to the proof result.

I have a hunch that I maybe missing some elementary calculation basics. I would really appreciate any help that you can offer.
 
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Basic problem is with using complex expressions for volts and current to compute power. Can't be done.
Consider:
V = V0exp(jwt). Real part is V0 cos(wt).
I = I0exp(jwt). Real part is I0 cos(wt).
Multiply: P = VI = V0 I0 exp(2wt). Real part is V0 I0 cos(2wt) which has zero average over T = 2pi/w (no dc term).
Which we know is wrong since P = V0 sin(wt) x I0 sin(wt) = V0 I0 sin2(wt) = V0 I0 (1/2)[1 - cos(2w)]
with average P = (V0 I0)/2.
 

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