Organic Chem- acid catalyzed reation

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SUMMARY

The major product from the acid-catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-2-pentene is 3-methyl-2-pentanol, not 3-methyl-3-pentanol as initially suggested. The discussion emphasizes the stability of carbocations, particularly the order of stability: Substituted Allylic > Tertiary (3) > Allylic > Secondary (2) > Primary (1) > Vinylic > Methyl. The participants clarify that tertiary carbocations are not the most stable in all scenarios, highlighting the complexity of carbocation stability influenced by various factors.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of acid-catalyzed reactions in organic chemistry
  • Knowledge of carbocation stability and its hierarchy
  • Familiarity with the structure and reactivity of alkenes
  • Basic principles of hydration reactions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the mechanisms of acid-catalyzed hydration reactions
  • Research the stability of different types of carbocations
  • Explore the concept of substituted allylic carbocations
  • Learn about the influence of inductive effects on carbocation stability
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Organic chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in reaction mechanisms and carbocation stability analysis will benefit from this discussion.

Giuseppe
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Hey can anyone help me with this question?

What is the major product from the acid-catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-2-pentene?

a. 3-methylpentane
b. 3-methyl-1-pentanol
c. 3-methyl-2-pentanol
d. 3-methyl-3-pentanol
e. 3-methoxypentane

Would the answer by D? My reasoning is that when that OH- group bonds to the third carbon, that carbon will be bonded to 4 substituents, which is very stable. Is this correct?
 
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the one rule to remember from all of O chem is the fact that tertiary carbocations are the most stable.
 
actually you are mistaken, tertiary carbocations are not the most stable

The order is as follows:

Substituded Allylic> 3 > Allylic > 2 >1 >Vinylic > Methyl
 
Well, if you really want to be specific you'd better include benzyllic, doubly allylic, doubly benzylic, triply allylic, triply benzyllic, cations stabilized by adjacent heteroatoms, non-classical carbocations, cations destabilized by inductive withdrawing groups, and on and on...
 

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