i figured it out so don't read this if you don't want to know the answer:
the answer is 11101. because he said it wasn't a simple repetition thing, i the next logical conclusion is that it's binary. because there were 5 question marks, i figured the last binary number was five digits long.
i figured the numbers would go in increasing order (they don't have to, but i guessed, and they did). so i looked at the previous 5 digits... in binary, that's 23. so i did the previous 5, etc: 19, 17... then the previous 5 digits would have made a larger number (29), so i figured i'd decrease it to four digits, which made 13 in binary. so by this point i have 19,17,13, and it's pretty clear that it's a pattern of prime numbers. sure enough, the list goes on: 11,7,5,3,2... so the next number in the pattern would be 29, or 11101.