Performance of a complimentary antenna?

[qnach]

Suppose the performance of an antenna is calculated.
How about its complimentary antenna?

 

[berkeman]

Suppose the performance of an antenna is calculated.
How about its complimentary antenna?

Could you please explain more about what you are asking? Are you asking about self-complimentary antennas?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-complementary_antenna

 

[tech99]

An antenna and its complement are related by Babinet's Principle, which was originally devised for simple problems with light.
The input impedance, for instance, of the two antennas is related by 2 x SQRT(Z1 x Z2) = Zo, where Zo is 377 Ohms, the intrinsic impedance of free space. For instance, a strip dipole might have an input impedance of 70 Ohms. Its complement will be a slot having the same dimensions and cut in a large sheet of metal. The input impedance across the centre of the slot will be 507 Ohms.
The radiation pattern of one antenna in its E-plane should be the same as the other in its H-plane. However, there is a little uncertainty about this because a half wave slot does not seem to replicate a dipole pattern exactly.
In his book "Antennas", J D Kraus introduces the term "Magnetic Dipole" for antennas which are complementary to a dipole. By this he meant that the E plane pattern of a dipole resembles the H plane pattern of a slot or loop. Unfortunately, this has led to some confusion over the radiation mechanism of the two. For both classes of antenna, radiation is caused by the acceleration of electrons.

 

[qnach]

Could you please explain more about what you are asking? Are you asking about self-complimentary antennas?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-complementary_antenna

Something like

http://electriciantraining.tpub.com...-Antenna-And-Its-Complementary-Dipole-163.htm

are complementary to each other.

 

[qnach]

An antenna and its complement are related by Babinet's Principle, which was originally devised for simple problems with light.
The input impedance, for instance, of the two antennas is related by 2 x SQRT(Z1 x Z2) = Zo, where Zo is 377 Ohms, the intrinsic impedance of free space. For instance, a strip dipole might have an input impedance of 70 Ohms. Its complement will be a slot having the same dimensions and cut in a large sheet of metal. The input impedance across the centre of the slot will be 507 Ohms.
The radiation pattern of one antenna in its E-plane should be the same as the other in its H-plane. However, there is a little uncertainty about this because a half wave slot does not seem to replicate a dipole pattern exactly.
In his book "Antennas", J D Kraus introduces the term "Magnetic Dipole" for antennas which are complementary to a dipole. By this he meant that the E plane pattern of a dipole resembles the H plane pattern of a slot or loop. Unfortunately, this has led to some confusion over the radiation mechanism of the two. For both classes of antenna, radiation is caused by the acceleration of electrons.

You mentioned impedance and the radiation pattern of such antenna. How about other properties?
I did not found much study in the web about complementary antenna.
Babinet's Principle seems more about diffraction pattern instead of antenna performance?

 

[Baluncore]

Suppose the performance of an antenna is calculated.
How about its complimentary antenna?

By performance, do you mean the drive impedance or the radiation pattern?

Babinet's Principle seems more about diffraction pattern instead of antenna performance?

The radiation pattern of an array of elements is important. This becomes very important with arrays of slots in a waveguide, such as often used for marine radar antennas. Are you only interested in single elements and their complement?

There is an elegant design, halfway between the electric-dipole and it's complement, the magnetic-slot.
That special case is the self-complementary antenna, where the conductor and space are symmetric in pattern.
The self-complementary antenna has an input impedance of 376.73 / 2 = 188.365 ohm.
http://bbs.hwrf.com.cn/downrf/self-complementary Antenna.pdf

 

[qnach]

By performance, do you mean the drive impedance or the radiation pattern?The radiation pattern of an array of elements is important. This becomes very important with arrays of slots in a waveguide, such as often used for marine radar antennas. Are you only interested in single elements and their complement?

There is an elegant design, halfway between the electric-dipole and it's complement, the magnetic-slot.
That special case is the self-complementary antenna, where the conductor and space are symmetric in pattern.
The self-complementary antenna has an input impedance of 376.73 / 2 = 188.365 ohm.
http://bbs.hwrf.com.cn/downrf/self-complementary Antenna.pdf

There are many self-complementary antenna on the web.
However, I am not talking about self-complementary antenna.

 

[Baluncore]

You mentioned impedance and the radiation pattern of such antenna. How about other properties?

What other properties are there that you are interested in?

 

[qnach]

What other properties are there that you are interested in?

Everything we can calculated from an antenna.

 

[tech99]

Everything we can calculated from an antenna.

The near fields also seem to be complementary. For instance, if we approach a dipole along the equatorial plane, when we get closer than about lambda/6, the power flux density no longer grows with 1/D^2 but flattens off until we reach the antenna. The E-field remains uniform from lambda/6 until we almost touch the antenna, whilst the B field continues upward with 1/D. But for a slot antenna, the opposite happens; the E field grows with 1/D whilst the B field remains constant as the antenna is approached.
If we bring two dipoles towards each other, the loss between them is reaches 3dB approx. at a spacing of lambda/6 and then flattens off and is still 3dB when they touch. But I am sad to say, with a slot and a dipole, once they touch the same thing does not happen.

 

[sophiecentaur]

A bit of a necropost but I have to wonder what fundamental laws are being used to lead one to expect that a 'similarity' is several respects (Kraus) should demand that there would be total equivalence. I know that this complementary idea is always taught in EM courses but that doesn't mean there should be any significant principle involved.
The principle of Reciprocity tells us that transmit and receive antennae could be interchanged and the loss over any path would be the same but reciprocity has to run out of steam once the antennae are near enough together. We also tend to analyse antennae as either Transmit or Receive, depending on which suits us and we assume the patterns will come out right.

 

[tech99]

A bit of a nectar post but I have to wonder what fundamental laws are being used to lead one to expect that a 'similarity' is several respects (Kraus) should demand that there would be total equivalence. I know that this complementary idea is always taught in EM courses but that doesn't mean there should be any significant principle involved.
The principle of Reciprocity tells us that transmit and receive antennae could be interchanged and the loss over any path would be the same but reciprocity has to run out of steam once the antennae are near enough together. We also tend to analyse antennae as either Transmit or Receive, depending on which suits us and we assume the patterns will come out right.

The reciprocity idea seems hard to disprove. For instance, if I have two dipoles very close to one another, the loss between them is fixed at approx 3dB. As the antennas are identical, I measure 3dB whichever way round I do the test.
Regarding complementary antennas, it is based on Babinet's Principle with additional work by Booker. However, I have a nagging doubt about it as a slot does not seem to have exactly the same pattern as an equivalent dipole.

 

[Baluncore]

However, I have a nagging doubt about it as a slot does not seem to have exactly the same pattern as an equivalent dipole.

For a slot to have the same pattern as a dipole requires the slot be cut in an infinite conductive sheet. But the sheet will not be truly infinite, so external peripheral currents will flow that distort the field. Likewise a wire dipole will not be in free space, so nearby conductive structures will distort the dipole's field in ways different to the periphery of a slot's actual conductive sheet.
An ideal slot antenna exists as a portal between two semi-infinite universes. Half the energy is radiated into each half of free space.