Pressures indenting surfaces that are stone, metal or skin

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on calculating the pressure required for indenting surfaces made of stone (limestone or granite) and metal (iron) using fictional character capabilities as a reference. The participants explore methods such as the Brinell and Rockwell hardness scales to estimate the pressure exerted by a character's claws, estimated at a diameter of 20mm. The conversation emphasizes the need for accurate calculations and the relevance of the shape of the penetrator, questioning whether a cone or sphere affects the pressure required for indentation. Participants seek expert insights into the physics behind these calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of pressure calculations in physics
  • Familiarity with hardness testing scales, specifically Brinell and Rockwell
  • Knowledge of material properties of granite and iron
  • Basic principles of force and surface area relationships
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  • Research the Brinell hardness test and its application to non-spherical indenters
  • Study the Rockwell hardness test and its differences from Brinell
  • Explore the physics of pressure and force in material science
  • Investigate the effects of shape on indentation mechanics
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Physics enthusiasts, material scientists, and anyone interested in the mechanics of pressure and indentation in various materials, particularly in fictional contexts.

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Hello everyone, thank you for helping me in the other post, this one is different but includes pressure and how to calculate how much of it is present when an object is being "indented" or dug into.

I come from a forum that discusses fictional characters a lot and we find it highly enjoyable to try and apply our rules of physics to some of these fictions at least to a degree to try and calculate capabilities but since were not all as savvy as you ladies and gentlemen I wonder if you could help us with an issue, I hope it does not break any rules and may bring up some interesting physics and discussion.The issue concerns this fellow;

raziel-1-1.jpg
And his indenting/moving of the following block of stone;

19 minutes and 3 seconds into the video, he puts his claws into the block of stone which we often estimate for ease to be either limestone or granite (or black granite)Also metal, possibly iron;

36 minutes 55 seconds into the video. He does the same to what appears to be a lump of iron.

So I guess our problem is we are not sure how to find out how much pressure would be required to push his claws (using the image above you may be able to estimate their volume and/or surface area) into either granite or iron in such a way.

we have tried to find out ourselves with ideas such as the Brinell scale

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brinell_scale

And with help from other forums much like this one with masters of science/math we were granted calculations such as these;
Mild steel has a hardess of about 120 and tool steel around 1500, so we can probably guess that granite might be a bit softer than tool steel - let's call it 1000. If we assume that the character's claws are each about 20 mm in diameter we get:

F = (1000 x pi x 20^2)/0.204 = 6.2 million Newtons, or about 1.4 million pounds.
Another;

•I wish the Brinell scale had something for granite. Granite is harder than copper, however.
•There are different types of steel.
•Say we used 200 HB instead. That’s stainless steel.
•(200 * π * 20^2) / 0.204 = 1.2 million Newtons, or 137.9 tons
This calculation estimated Raziels claws as having a Diameter of 20mmWould either of those calculations be correct, are there better methods of finding pressure for a cone like claw? Brinell seems to use a sphere, other scales like Rockwell;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_scaleBut I wonder at the end of the day is it only the diameter that's relevant? We sometimes feel like were either coming up with crazy high numbers or low numbers depending on how we do it.I would be very thankful to any professors or experts in physics who could shed some light on this situation, despite it being fictional it is sometimes fun to think of these worlds as real and then calculating what these superhumans can do pressure wise.

Further, I wonder if there are other chemical, physical or other processes in terms of heat, energy etc that the laymen such as myself would not have considered at these pressures? If a superhuman could do the things we see here in real life? Thank you again all!
 
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Relevant to this question, concerning the rockwell and brinell scale, is there a difference when using a cone or sphere penetrator to calculate hardness?

For example, a cone unlike a ball gradually increases its surface area, while a ball may do so more quickly. How would you consider that into a final "force" required to indent a material? Thanks guys for any help.
 

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