(probably easy) Combinatorics problem

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves determining the number of ways to achieve a specific number of fives when rolling n dice, specifically focusing on the case where m (the number of fives) is less than or equal to n. The discussion centers around combinatorial methods and the implications of ordering in the outcomes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the calculation of arrangements for fives and the remaining dice, questioning the validity of their initial formulas. Some suggest using combinations to select the fives, while others consider the implications of ordering on the outcomes.

Discussion Status

There is a productive exchange regarding the correct combinatorial approach, with some participants suggesting the use of binomial coefficients. Questions remain about how to handle cases where order does not matter, indicating ongoing exploration of the problem's nuances.

Contextual Notes

Participants express confusion over the application of factorials and combinations, particularly in relation to the ordering of identical outcomes. There is also mention of potential decimal results from incorrect formulas, highlighting the need for clarity in the problem setup.

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Homework Statement


n dices are thrown. In how many ways can you get an m (<=n) amount of fives?

The Attempt at a Solution



Well, I thought since you can organize the 5s in m! ways, and for each such permutation you can organize the remaining dice rolls in ##5^{n-m}## ways, the solution must be ##m! \cdot 5^{n-m}##, or alternatively ##\frac{m! \cdot 5^{n-m}}{n!}## if the order is irrelevant.

EDIT: It seems I am completely wrong, as I get decimals for answers when I try out my formulas. Can somebody please help me? is the answer perhaps simply ##1^m 5^{n-m}##?
 
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Nikitin said:

Homework Statement


n dices are thrown. In how many ways can you get an m (<=n) amount of fives?

The Attempt at a Solution



Well, I thought since you can organize the 5s in m! ways, and for each such permutation you can organize the remaining dice rolls in ##5^{n-m}## ways, the solution must be ##m! \cdot 5^{n-m}##, or alternatively ##\frac{m! \cdot 5^{n-m}}{n!}## if the order is irrelevant.

EDIT: It seems I am completely wrong, as I get decimals for answers when I try out my formulas. Can somebody please help me? is the answer perhaps simply ##1^m 5^{n-m}##?

m out of the n dice must be 5's. So how many ways can you choose m things out of n things? There is no 'ordering' among the 5's. They are all identical. Then you count the number of outcomes for the remaining n-m dice that aren't 5's. I would do it assuming order matters. Otherwise, it's a whole different kind of problem and you don't get the answer by just dividing by n!.
 
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m out of the n dice must be 5's. So how many ways can you choose m things out of n things?

(n choose m) ways.

Is the answer perhaps ##\frac{n!}{(n-m)! \cdot m!}##?

And how can you solve this if order doesn't matter? If the order didn't matter, wouldn't there only be one unsorted permutation (i.e. what kind of numbers (1 to 6) and how many)?
 
Nikitin said:
(n choose m) ways.

Is the answer perhaps ##\frac{n!}{(n-m)! \cdot m!}##?

And how can you solve this if order doesn't matter? If the order didn't matter, wouldn't there only be one unsorted permutation (i.e. what kind of numbers (1 to 6) and how many)?

Yes, (n choose m) is the ways to select the 5's. You do have to multiply by possible outcomes from the other dice. And, yes, if you don't count order it's just the number ways to split the n-m dice that are not 5 into different sized groups with values in (1,2,3,4,6).
 

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