Proof using hyperbolic trig functions and complex variables

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving the equation tan(2x) = -cos(b) / sinh(a) using hyperbolic trigonometric functions and complex variables. The user derives several key equations, including tan(x + yi) and the exponential form of complex numbers, exp(a + bi) = exp(a)(cos(b) + i*sin(b)). The proof involves manipulating these equations to express sinh(a) and -cos(b) in terms of tan(z) and exponential functions. The user expresses difficulty in simplifying the proof and seeks theoretical guidance to complete the derivation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of hyperbolic trigonometric functions, specifically sinh(a)
  • Familiarity with complex variables and their exponential forms
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities, particularly tan(2x) and tan(x + yi)
  • Basic skills in algebraic manipulation and simplification of complex expressions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of hyperbolic functions and their relationships with trigonometric functions
  • Learn about complex analysis, focusing on the exponential function and its applications
  • Explore advanced trigonometric identities, particularly those involving double angles
  • Review algebraic techniques for simplifying complex expressions and proofs
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physics students, and anyone studying complex analysis or hyperbolic functions who seeks to deepen their understanding of trigonometric proofs and identities.

Nerd2567
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1. Given, x + yi = tan^-1 ((exp(a + bi)). Prove that tan(2x) = -cos(b) / sinh(a)

Homework Equations

I have derived.
tan(x + yi) = i*tan(x)*tanh(y) / 1 - i*tan(x)*tanh(y)

tan(2x) = 2tanx / 1 - tan^2 (x)

Exp(a+bi) = exp(a) *(cos(b) + i*sin(b))[/B]3. My attempt:
By definition sinha = (exp(a) - exp (-a)) / 2

Let x + yi = z

tanz = exp(a + bi) = exp(a) * exp(bi)
hence; exp(a) = tan(z) / exp(bi)
exp(-a) = exp(bi) /tan(z)
therefore; exp(a) - exp(-a) = (tan(z) / exp(bi) ) * ( exp(bi) / tan(z) )
simplifying; exp(a) - exp(-a) = (tan^2(z) - exp(2bi)) / (exp(bi) * tan(z))
hence, sinh (a) = (exp(a) - exp(-a))/ 2 = (tan^2(z) - exp(2bi)) / 2(exp(bi) * tan(z))

Now am going to find -cos(b) --------

tanz = exp(a) * (cos(b) + isin(b))
cos(b) = (tan(z) / exp(a)) - isin(b)
-cos(b) = isin(b) - (tan(z) / exp(a))
simplifying;
-cos(b) = ( iexp(a)*sin(b) - tan(z) ) / exp(a)

therefore;
-cos(b) / sinh (a) =((( 2iexp(a + bi) * sin(b) tan(z) - 2exp(bi) * tan^2 (z) ))) / (( exp(a) tan^2(z) - exp(a +2bi) ))

this is pretty much my best attempt...:'( I must be missing theory please help...I will really appreciate it!
 
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You can factor out several things which makes the expression shorter.
Also, the left side is real, so calculating the real part should be sufficient.
 
mfb said:
You can factor out several things which makes the expression shorter.
Also, the left side is real, so calculating the real part should be sufficient.
Perhaps, but I'd seem a bit illogical to do that since they said the right hand side should be tan(2x)...sighz the problem is either rather difficult or am missing a simple piece of theory to make it a 5 line proof (often the case) .
 

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