Proving differentiability for inverse function on given interval

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on proving the differentiability of the function \( e(s) \) on the interval \( (c(-d), c(d)) \) using the squeeze theorem and properties of derivatives. The user establishes that \( \frac{2}{3} < e'(s) < 2 \) by applying limits and the squeeze principle, confirming that \( e(s) \) is differentiable within the specified bounds. Additionally, it is noted that since \( c(x) \) is \( C^1 \) on \( (-d, d) \), \( e \) must also be \( C^1 \) on \( (e(-d), e(d)) \), indicating continuity and differentiability. The user expresses uncertainty about the necessity of the squeeze principle in their proof.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the squeeze theorem in calculus
  • Knowledge of differentiability and continuity concepts
  • Familiarity with \( C^1 \) functions and their properties
  • Basic proficiency in limit evaluation and derivative concepts
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the squeeze theorem in different contexts
  • Explore the properties of \( C^1 \) functions and their implications for differentiability
  • Learn about the relationship between bounded derivatives and continuity
  • Investigate alternative methods for proving differentiability without the squeeze principle
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Mathematics students, calculus instructors, and anyone studying real analysis or the properties of differentiable functions.

TanWu
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Homework Statement
Prove that ##e:(c(-d), c(d)) \rightarrow(-d, d)## is differentiable by computing ##e^{\prime}(s)## from the definition for each ##s \in (c(-d), c(d))##. You may use the fact ##\frac{2}{3} < \frac{e(t) - e(s)}{t - s} < 2## for ##t \neq s \in (c(-d), c(d))## without proof.
Relevant Equations
##\lim_{t \to s} \frac{2}{3} < \lim_{t \to s} \frac{e(t) - e(s)}{t - s} < \lim_{t \to s} 2##
I am trying to solve (a) and (b) of this question.
1715062543501.png

(a) Attempt

We know that ##\frac{2}{3} < \frac{e(t) - e(s)}{t - s} < 2## for ##t \neq s \in (c(-d), c(d))##

Thus, taking the limits of both sides, then

##\lim_{t \to s} \frac{2}{3} < \lim_{t \to s} \frac{e(t) - e(s)}{t - s} < \lim_{t \to s} 2##

Or equivalently,

##\frac{2}{3} < \lim_{t \to s} \frac{e(t) - e(s)}{t - s} < 2##

##\frac{2}{3} < e'(s) < 2##

Thus, using the squeeze principle, then ##e'(s)## is bounded between ##\frac{2}{3}## and ##2##, then the derivative exists for ##t \in (c(-d), c(d))## and thus we have proved that ##e(s)## is differentiable on the required interval. Are we allowed to do that?

(b) Attempt

Since ##c(x)## is ##C^1## on (-d, d) and as we proved in (a), then e must be ##C^1## on ##(e(-d), e(d))## as it is differentiable and thus continuous. This seems somewhat too trivial of a question to me.

I express gratitude to those who help.
 
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The squeeze principle requires the smallest and largest things to become equal in the limit. 2/3 and 2 are not equal, no matter how close t and s are...
 
Office_Shredder said:
The squeeze principle requires the smallest and largest things to become equal in the limit. 2/3 and 2 are not equal, no matter how close t and s are...
Thank you Sir. I apologize over my mistake. Is my proof correct thought without reference to the squeeze principle thought? Like using the fact the derivative is bounded? I cannot think of any other ways of proving it.
 
I don't really understand what the point of letting you use that inequality is (especially since you proved it in question 7, so it's not like they're doing you a great favor). I honestly do not know what they expect the answer to look like. I assume you're supposed to take that ratio and express it in terms of c and then compute something that looks similar to the derivative of c.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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