Proving Multiplicative Group of Positive Rationals Generated by Primes

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SUMMARY

The multiplicative group of positive rationals is indeed generated by all rationals of the form \(\frac{1}{p}\), where \(p\) is a prime number. The discussion highlights a common misconception regarding the generation of positive rational numbers, specifically using only positive exponents of primes. For instance, the number 75 cannot be expressed as a product of terms of the form \(\frac{1}{p^{n}}\) with \(n \in \mathbb{N}\) and \(p\) being prime. The key takeaway is that the multiplicative group encompasses all positive rational numbers, not limited to those generated by positive exponents alone.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of group theory concepts, particularly multiplicative groups.
  • Familiarity with prime numbers and their properties.
  • Knowledge of rational numbers and their representation.
  • Basic mathematical notation, including exponents and fractions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of multiplicative groups in abstract algebra.
  • Explore the role of prime factorization in generating rational numbers.
  • Learn about the implications of using negative exponents in group generation.
  • Investigate the relationship between additive and multiplicative groups of numbers.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students and enthusiasts of abstract algebra, particularly those studying group theory, as well as educators seeking to clarify misconceptions about the generation of rational numbers.

futurebird
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From "The Theory of Groups" by Rotman

2.5. Prove that the multiplicative group of positive rationals is generated by all rationals of the form:
[tex]\frac{1}{p}[/tex],
where p is prime.​

... um... no it's not. Right? How can I prove this when I don't even think it is true? I mean, for example take the positive rational number 75. How can I generate that using [tex]\frac{1}{p^{n}}[/tex], where p is prime, [tex]n \in \mathbb{N}[/tex]? The largest possible value for [tex]\frac{1}{p^{n}}[/tex] is 1/2...

I could see how this would be possible if we had addition as the operation for the generating set... but, then why is it the multiplicative group of positive rationals?

Please help me understand this question.
 
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futurebird said:
for example take the positive rational number 75. How can I generate that using [tex]\frac{1}{p^{n}}[/tex], where p is prime, [tex]n \in \mathbb{N}[/tex]?
You can't, but why would you restrict yourself to positive exponents?
 
Hurkyl said:
You can't, but why would you restrict yourself to positive exponents?

Thanks!
 

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