Question About Beginner Static Problems

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It is acceptable to use millimeters in calculations without converting to meters, as unit vectors are dimensionless. However, maintaining consistent units throughout calculations is crucial to avoid errors. Simplifying calculations can be achieved by carefully labeling units and focusing on the static equilibrium equations, which include six equations based on the sum of forces and torques. It is important to track units diligently to prevent confusion and inaccuracies in results. Understanding the principles of static equilibrium will help streamline problem-solving in statics.
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Homework Statement


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I noticed that the units are in mm and i usually would convert to meters for the convention. But, is it okay to leave the mm as is when i calculate the unit vectors since the unit vectors are unitless? I don't want to deal withd decimals in my calculations.

in general, do i ever need to convert my units?
 

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Also the calculations get realllly mess real quick. How can i simplify things so that i don't get messy numbers all over the place? I keep finding myself getting the wrong answer because of the mess in numbers.
 
Don't worry about the units, Just keep track of them by labeling all of your calculations with the correct units. Statics problems are all based on ∑F = 0 and ∑τ = 0. Since F and τ are both vectors the static equilibrium equations represent 6 equations, some of which may not be needed in a particular problem. So set ∑F(x) = 0, ∑F(y) = 0, ∑F(z) = 0, ∑τ(x) = 0, ∑τ(y) = 0, ∑τ(z) = 0. Noting that τ = r x F.
 
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The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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