Question involving space travel and the expansion of the universe

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the implications of the expansion of the universe on sub-lightspeed travel, specifically exploring how an expanding sphere from a point in the universe interacts with the overall cosmic expansion. The scope includes theoretical considerations and conceptual clarifications regarding space travel and the nature of the universe's expansion.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that sub-lightspeed travel is akin to running on a treadmill, where the expansion of the universe ultimately prevents reaching distant points.
  • Another participant proposes calculating the distance at which the speed of recession equals 80% of the speed of light using Hubble's Law, indicating that the sphere will not catch up to anything beyond that distance.
  • A different viewpoint asserts that the expanding sphere will start gaining empty space immediately unless it originates from a black hole, and emphasizes that the edge of the universe expands faster than light, suggesting that total empty space cannot be reached.
  • This participant also mentions that the observable universe is filled with energy and time, which may relate to the impossibility of achieving absolute zero or a true vacuum.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of the expansion of the universe and its implications for sub-lightspeed travel. There is no consensus on when or if the expanding sphere will encounter empty space, indicating an unresolved discussion.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include assumptions about the nature of the universe's expansion, the definition of empty space, and the conditions under which the sphere expands. The discussion does not resolve these complexities.

anonymous3
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From what I understand, the expansion of the universe means that sub-lightspeed travel is sort of like running on a treadmill and eventually the expansion wins out and you'll never get anywhere.

So, my question is,

Take a point in the universe, and imagine a sphere expanding from that point at, say, 80% the speed of light, how much of the universe will that sphere envelop before the expansion of the universe gets the upper hand and the sphere gains nothing but vacuum space?
 
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anonymous3 said:
From what I understand, the expansion of the universe means that sub-lightspeed travel is sort of like running on a treadmill and eventually the expansion wins out and you'll never get anywhere.

So, my question is,

Take a point in the universe, and imagine a sphere expanding from that point at, say, 80% the speed of light, how much of the universe will that sphere envelop before the expansion of the universe gets the upper hand and the sphere gains nothing but vacuum space?

For a rough approximation apply Hubble's Law and determine the distance at which the speed of recession is 80% the speed of light. Your sphere won't catch up to anything that starts out beyond that distance.
 
well your expanding sphere will immediately start gaining empty space unless the point starts in a black hole because the universe as a whole contains mostly empty space. If you mean when will the sphere start gaining totally empty space the answer is never because the edge of the universe is expanding faster than the speed of light. There are no pockets of empty space in the observable universe because energy and time homogeneously fill each other which is probably why something can't reach 0 Kelvin and why you can't ever have a true vacuum.
 

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