Question on normal boiling point and enthelpy of vaporization

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the determination of the normal boiling point of water using experimental data on the enthalpy of vaporization. Participants explore the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature, as well as the application of relevant formulas in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Homework-related
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Stephen describes a lab experiment where he measured the volume of an air bubble in a graduated cylinder at different temperatures to calculate the enthalpy of vaporization of water, arriving at a value of approximately 86565.368 J/mol.
  • Stephen seeks clarification on how to use the formula ln(P2/P1) = -Hvap/R * ((1/T2)-(1/T1)) to find the normal boiling point of water.
  • One participant explains that boiling occurs when the partial pressure equals ambient pressure, suggesting this might help Stephen's understanding.
  • Stephen expresses confusion regarding the implications of ln(P2/P1) being zero when both pressures are equal, questioning how to resolve the resulting mathematical issue.
  • Another participant questions the derivation of the temperature equation Stephen presents, asking for clarification on its validity.
  • Stephen mentions that his professor provided a different equation, ln(P) = -Hvap/R * (1/T), and asks if this is the correct approach to finding the normal boiling point.
  • A participant advises Stephen to consult his professor regarding the source of the equation, expressing uncertainty about taking the logarithm of a pressure value with units.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the correct formula to use for finding the normal boiling point or the validity of the equations presented. There are multiple competing views and uncertainties expressed throughout the discussion.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the proper application of logarithmic functions to pressure values and the significance of significant figures in measurements. The discussion reflects a reliance on specific definitions and assumptions that may not be universally agreed upon.

StephenDoty
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Hello all

I performed a lab where we put a graduated cylinder filled to 90% with water upside down in a large beaker filled with water and measured the volume of the air bubble inside the graduated cylinder at different temperatures. When I graphed Ln(PH20) vs. 1/T I got a slope of -10412. Multiply this by -8.314 and you get the enthalpy of vaporization, which was -10412*-8.314=86565.368 for me. Is this right??
Using the enthalpy of vaporization how do I find the normal boiling point of water? I do not understand how to use the formula ln(P2/P1) =-Hvap/R * ((1/T2)-(1/T1)) to find the normal boiling point of water. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

I have attached the graph from the experiment. Please let me know if you guys want to see all of the data.

Thanks so much everyone.
Stephen
 

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Boiling occurs when the partial pressure of a material equals the ambient pressure. Does this help?

EDIT: Hey, watch your significant figures; I doubt you measured volume to 7 decimal places!
 
if both pressures are the same then ln(P2/P1) in the formula ln(P2/P1)=(-Hvap/R)*((1/T2)-(1/T1)) would be zero and when finding the temperature T=(-hvap/R)*(1/ln(P)) ln(P) would equal ln(1) thus there would be a zero in the denominator. So how would that work?

Thanks for the help.
Stephen
 
How are you deriving T=(-hvap/R)*(1/ln(P))?
 
My professor wrote ln(P)=(-Hvap/R)*(1/T)
on my paper then I just solved for T.

Is this is not the correct formula to find the normal boiling point? What is? Oh, and does my Hvap look ok?

Thanks for all of the help. I appreciate it.
Stephen
 
I'd ask your professor where this equation comes from. I'm not sure how one can take the logarithm of 1 atm, for example (i.e., a number with units).
 

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