Relativity: Solving Pion Homework Problem

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on solving a physics homework problem involving the speed and energy of a positive pion (π+) traveling through a 1.00 km tube. The average lifetime of the π+ is 2.60×10-8s, and the correct speed must be calculated using the relativistic equation Δt = Δt0 / sqrt(1-u2/c2). The participant initially calculated the total energy incorrectly as 197.4 MeV due to neglecting the relativistic momentum. After incorporating the Lorentz factor (gamma), the participant successfully arrived at the correct answer.

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  • Understanding of special relativity concepts, particularly time dilation and Lorentz transformations.
  • Familiarity with relativistic energy equations, specifically E2 = (mc2)2 + (pc)2.
  • Knowledge of particle physics, particularly properties of pions and their rest energy.
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations involving square roots and exponents.
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  • Study the Lorentz factor (gamma) and its application in relativistic physics.
  • Learn about relativistic momentum and how it differs from classical momentum.
  • Explore the implications of time dilation in particle physics experiments.
  • Review examples of energy calculations for particles moving at relativistic speeds.
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Students studying particle physics, educators teaching special relativity, and anyone solving advanced physics problems involving relativistic particles.

HelpPlease27
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Homework Statement


After being produced in a collision between elementary particles, a positive pion (π+) must travel down a 1.00 km -long tube to reach an experimental area. A π+ particle has an average lifetime (measured in its rest frame) of 2.60×10−8s; the π+ we are considering has this lifetime.
How fast must the π+ travel if it is not to decay before it reaches the end of the tube? (Since u will be very close to c, write u=(1−Δ)c and give your answer in terms of Δ rather than u.)
The π+ has a rest energy of 139.6 MeV. What is the total energy of the π+ at the speed calculated in part A?

Homework Equations


Δ t = Δt0 / sqrt(1-u^2/c^2)

E^2 = (mc^2)^2 + (pc)^2

The Attempt at a Solution


I got the correct answer for speed, the first part of the question. It's the second part I can't get to work. I used the total energy equation and my speed, which worked out to give me E = 197.4 MeV but this wasn't right. I'm not sure where I'm going wrong?
 
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HelpPlease27 said:
I used the total energy equation and my speed, which worked out to give me E = 197.4 MeV but this wasn't right. I'm not sure where I'm going wrong?
We will not be able to tell you this unless you actually show us what you did, not just try to describe it in words.
 
Orodruin said:
We will not be able to tell you this unless you actually show us what you did, not just try to describe it in words.

E^2 = (mc^2)^2 + (pc)^2
I used mc^2 = 139.6 MeV
I put p = mv so the pc = mvc but m = 139.6/c^2 and v = (1-Δ)c = (1-(3.04*10-5))c so pc = 139.6 MeV
So then E = sqrt(139.6^2 + 139.6^2) = 197.4 MeV
 
HelpPlease27 said:
I put p = mv
This is not the relativistic momentum. This relation is only valid at non-relativistic speeds.
 
Orodruin said:
This is not the relativistic momentum. This relation is only valid at non-relativistic speeds.

Yes, that makes sense. I forgot to include gamma. I got the correct answer now, thanks.
 

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