Rigid body rotation near galactic center

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on demonstrating that the central parts of the galactic rotation curve are consistent with rigid body rotation by equating centripetal acceleration with gravitational acceleration. The key equations involved are F=ma and a=v²/r, leading to the conclusion that v² is proportional to r. However, the main challenge is to establish that velocity (v) is directly proportional to radius (r), which requires understanding the mass (M) distribution within the orbit. Participants suggest exploring the proportionality of M to r, r², or r³ to derive the desired relationship.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with gravitational forces and centripetal acceleration
  • Basic knowledge of galactic dynamics and rotation curves
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations and proportional relationships
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the concept of gravitational acceleration in astrophysics
  • Study the derivation of the galactic rotation curve
  • Learn about the mass distribution in galaxies and its impact on rotation
  • Explore the implications of rigid body rotation in astrophysical contexts
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Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of galaxies and the principles of rotation in celestial mechanics.

clandarkfire
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Homework Statement



Equate the expression for centripetal acceleration with the gravitational acceleration to show that the central parts of the galactic rotation curve are consistent with rigid body rotation.

The attempt at a solution
Say a star near the galactic center has mass m and the rest of the mass inside its orbit has mass M. Then:
F=ma=\frac{GMm}{r^2}
a=\frac{v^2}{r}
\frac{GM}{r^2}=\frac{v^2}{r}\Rightarrow{v^2} \propto{r}
But what I want to show is that v is proportional to r, not that v^2 is proportional to r. What have I done wrong?
 
Last edited:
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hi clandarkfire! :smile:

M is proportional to … ? :wink:
 
tiny-tim said:
hi clandarkfire! :smile:

M is proportional to … ? :wink:

I'm actually not sure. If it's proportional to r (seems reasonable), I get G \propto {v^2}, which seems pretty nonsensical.
If it's r^2 or r^3, I still don't think I get r \propto v, which is what I'm looking for.
 
clandarkfire said:
I'm actually not sure. If it's proportional to r (seems reasonable), I get G \propto {v^2}, which seems pretty nonsensical.
If it's r^2 or r^3, I still don't think I get r \propto v, which is what I'm looking for.
Try r^3 again, and if it still fails please post your working.
 

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