Simple harmonic motion and oscillation period

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the time it takes for an object in simple harmonic motion (SHM) to move from x = 0.0 cm to x = 6.0 cm, given a period of 4.0 seconds and an amplitude of 10 cm. The angular frequency (ω) is determined to be π/2. The transformation from the cosine function to the sine function is clarified using the trigonometric identity that relates them. The two potential solutions derived from the equation yield times of 1.59 seconds and 0.41 seconds, with the correct answer confirmed as 0.41 seconds based on the context of the motion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of simple harmonic motion (SHM)
  • Familiarity with trigonometric identities
  • Knowledge of angular frequency (ω) in oscillatory motion
  • Ability to solve equations involving sine and cosine functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of angular frequency in SHM
  • Learn more about the applications of trigonometric identities in physics
  • Explore the implications of amplitude and period on oscillation behavior
  • Investigate the graphical representation of sine and cosine functions
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts of simple harmonic motion and trigonometric relationships.

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Homework Statement



An object in SHM oscillates with a period of 4.0 s and an amplitude of 10 cm. How long does the object to move from x = 0.0 cm to x = 6.0 cm?

Homework Equations



x(t) = Acos(ωt +φ )

The Attempt at a Solution



ω = π/2
Acosφ = 0 ⇒φ = ±π/2
Since object is moving to the right choose φ = -π/2

x(t) = Acos(ωt-π/2)
=Asinωt
=0.10sin(1/2)πt

My question is how why does Acos(ωt-π/2) = =Asinωt
 
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Acos(ωt-π/2) = =Asinωt

This is a standard trigonometric identity. The graph of the cosine function is a sine graph shifted by [itex]\pi/2[/itex]. Thus, if you add or subtract [itex]\pi/2[/itex] from the argument of a sine function, you'll get the cosine function and vice versa.
 
OK, what if i solve this equation without using the trig idenitity

Apparently, there are then two possible answers,

either 0.927 = (pi/2)t - pi/2, which gives 1.59 s
or - 0.927 = (pi/2)t - pi/2. which gives 0.41 s

I know the answer is 0.41 seconds but why. Shouldnt I use the first equation because cos-1(0.06/0.01) is equal to positive 0.927
 

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