So, if space expands (measurements gets larger) in the presence of low

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Space expands between low-mass objects, such as galaxies, leading to larger measurements, while high-mass objects may cause space to contract, resulting in smaller measurements between them. The discussion raises questions about the role of gravitons, the hypothetical particles that mediate gravitational force, in this context of spatial dynamics. It emphasizes that space is fundamentally the void separating matter rather than a physical entity itself. The relationship between mass and the behavior of space is central to understanding gravitational effects. Overall, the conversation explores the implications of mass on the expansion and contraction of space.
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So, if space expands (measurements gets larger) in the presence of low mass, as between galaxies but not within galaxies, does space shrink in the presence of high mass (measurements between objects get smaller). So who needs gravitons?
 
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Gravitons are the theorized particle responsible for carrying gravitational force. What do they have to do with expansion in any other way?
 


Let's not lose sight of the fact that 'space' is merely the emptiness that separates particles of matter.
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology) Was a matter density right after the decoupling low enough to consider the vacuum as the actual vacuum, and not the medium through which the light propagates with the speed lower than ##({\epsilon_0\mu_0})^{-1/2}##? I'm asking this in context of the calculation of the observable universe radius, where the time integral of the inverse of the scale factor is multiplied by the constant speed of light ##c##.
The formal paper is here. The Rutgers University news has published a story about an image being closely examined at their New Brunswick campus. Here is an excerpt: Computer modeling of the gravitational lens by Keeton and Eid showed that the four visible foreground galaxies causing the gravitational bending couldn’t explain the details of the five-image pattern. Only with the addition of a large, invisible mass, in this case, a dark matter halo, could the model match the observations...
Why was the Hubble constant assumed to be decreasing and slowing down (decelerating) the expansion rate of the Universe, while at the same time Dark Energy is presumably accelerating the expansion? And to thicken the plot. recent news from NASA indicates that the Hubble constant is now increasing. Can you clarify this enigma? Also., if the Hubble constant eventually decreases, why is there a lower limit to its value?
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