Solid rocket velocity and distance

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a problem involving a solid fuel rocket, focusing on its velocity and distance traveled after a specified time. The context includes parameters such as initial mass, fuel mass, fuel burn rate, and exhaust velocity, with assumptions about neglecting air resistance and atmospheric pressure.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Conceptual clarification

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the application of conservation of mass and momentum in the context of variable mass systems. There are attempts to derive equations related to the rocket's motion, with some questioning the relevance of conservation of mass alone.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring different aspects of the problem. Some have provided references to relevant equations and concepts, while others express confusion about the application of these principles to the specific scenario presented.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the complexity of the problem due to the variable mass of the rocket as it burns fuel, leading to questions about the appropriate equations to use. There is also mention of potential misunderstandings regarding the conservation laws applicable to the situation.

MCarsten
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Hi there. I'm new to the forum. I apologize if I'm posting at the wrong session. Anyway, here goes the problem: (sorry for any grammar typos).

A solid fuel rocket, home constructed, has initial mass 10 kg; this, fuel is 8 kg. The rocket is launched vertically, from rest; burning the fuel at a constant rate equal to 0.225 kg/s, ejecting the exhaustion gases at a speed of 1980 m/s in relation to the rocket. Assume that the outlet pressure is the atmospheric and that the air resistance can be neglected. Calculate the velocity of the rocket 20 seconds after the launch and the distance traveled in the same interval.

I tried to find the velocity through the integral equation of the conservation of mass, but I do not have the areas. I could assume that they simplify, although I am not sure how to deal with the specific mass or volume, since they vary. I imagine that the values will come by through some ODE.

Thanks, in advance.
 
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MCarsten said:
Hi there. I'm new to the forum. I apologize if I'm posting at the wrong session. Anyway, here goes the problem: (sorry for any grammar typos).

A solid fuel rocket, home constructed, has initial mass 10 kg; this, fuel is 8 kg. The rocket is launched vertically, from rest; burning the fuel at a constant rate equal to 0.225 kg/s, ejecting the exhaustion gases at a speed of 1980 m/s in relation to the rocket. Assume that the outlet pressure is the atmospheric and that the air resistance can be neglected. Calculate the velocity of the rocket 20 seconds after the launch and the distance traveled in the same interval.

I tried to find the velocity through the integral equation of the conservation of mass, but I do not have the areas. I could assume that they simplify, although I am not sure how to deal with the specific mass or volume, since they vary. I imagine that the values will come by through some ODE.

Thanks, in advance.

There are numerous papers and articles about such "variable mass" dynamical systems; in particular, Google 'rocket equation'.
 
Ray Vickson said:
There are numerous papers and articles about such "variable mass" dynamical systems; in particular, Google 'rocket equation'.

Yes. I googled for that. Although they all deal with force and that's not the case of the problem. Or at least, that's what I guess. As I said above, I think it is only a problem of conservation of mass, not momentum. Nevertheless, I will give a second look.
 
MCarsten said:
Yes. I googled for that. Although they all deal with force and that's not the case of the problem. Or at least, that's what I guess. As I said above, I think it is only a problem of conservation of mass, not momentum. Nevertheless, I will give a second look.
If the rocket is burning fuel and ejecting the exhaust out the back, how can this be a conservation of mass?
 
SteamKing said:
If the rocket is burning fuel and ejecting the exhaust out the back, how can this be a conservation of mass?

You are right. My mistake. I thought the problem could be simplified only to a conservation of mass.

I searched for some equations on the internet and I solved like this:

gif.latex?R%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bdm%7D%7Bdt%7D.gif


if.latex?%5Cint_%7Bt_%7B0%7D%7D%5E%7Bt%7D%20Rdt%20%5Cto%20m%28t%29%20%3D%20m_%7B0%7D%20-%20Rt%5C.gif


where "m0" is (rocket material + rocket fuel) and "R" is the constant rate of exhaustion. So, m0 = 10 kg and R = 0.225 kg/s. This yields m(t) = 5.5 kg.

Applying Tsiolkovsky rocket equation:

gif.latex?m%5Cfrac%7Bdv%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20-v_%7Brel%7D%5Cfrac%7Bdm%7D%7Bdt%7D.gif


gif.latex?v%20%3D%20-v_%7Brel%7Dln%5Cleft%20%28%20%5Cfrac%7Bm_%7B0%7D%7D%7Bm%7D%20%5Cright%20%29.gif


So:

0kg%7D%7B5%2C5%20%5C%3Bkg%7D%20%5Cright%20%29%20%5C%5C%20%5C%5C%20v%20%3D%20-1183.71%20%28%3F%29.gif
(m/s)

But this yields a negative velocity (not forgetting to mention that the rocket is displacing itself at a rate of 1.18 km/s). What have I done wrong?
 

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