In the discussion about identifying independent and dependent variables in a trigonometric context, it is clarified that r and theta are variables rather than fixed points. The conversation emphasizes that in pure mathematics, neither variable is inherently dependent on the other, as equations can often be solved for either variable. However, in practical measurements, one variable can be designated as independent while the other is dependent based on how they interact. The distinction is crucial for understanding relationships in mathematical functions versus real-world applications. Overall, the thread highlights the importance of context when determining variable dependencies.