Solving Bernoulli's Differential Equation

In summary, xy(dx)=(y2+x)dy is in standard form for linear differential equations, and y1-n=y2 is the change of variable for bernoulli's equation. Integration yields y2=-2x+Cx2.
  • #1
Dusty912
149
1

Homework Statement


xy(dx)=(y2+x)dy

Homework Equations


integrating factor : u(x)=e∫p(x)dx
standard form of linear DE: dy/dx + P(x)y=Q(x)
standard form of bernoulli's differential equation: dy/dx + P(x)y=Q(x)yn
change of variables v=y1-n

The Attempt at a Solution


xy(dy)=(y2+x)dx
xy(dy/dx)=y2 +x
dy/dx=y/x +1/y
dy/dx-y/x=y-1

yn=y-1
y-n=y1

multipliying both sides by y1 yeilds:
y1(dy/dx) -y2/x=1

using change of variable v=y1-n=y2
dv/dx=(2y)(dy/dx)
(1/2)(dv/dx)=(y)(dy/dx)
and subbing the results yeilds:
(1/2)(dv/dx)-v/x=1

using an integrating factor to solve the resulting linear differential equation
u(x)=e∫p(x)dx
u(x)=e-∫(1/x)dx=1/x

multiplying both sides of the equation by the integrating factor yeilds:
(1/x)[(1/2)(dv/dx)-v/x]=1/x
(d/dx)[v/x]=1/x

integrating both sides:
(1/2)∫(v/x)d=∫1/xdx
(1/2)v/x=ln|x| + C
v=2ln|x| +C

now subbing back in y2]
y2]=2ln|x| + C

Unfortunately the answer is :

y2=-2x+Cx2

where did I go wrong?
Thanks ahead of time, you guys rock
 
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  • #2
Dusty912 said:

Homework Statement


xy(dx)=(y2+x)dy

Homework Equations


integrating factor : u(x)=e∫p(x)dx
standard form of linear DE: dy/dx + P(x)y=Q(x)
standard form of bernoulli's differential equation: dy/dx + P(x)y=Q(x)yn
change of variables v=y1-n

The Attempt at a Solution


xy(dy)=(y2+x)dx
xy(dy/dx)=y2 +x
dy/dx=y/x +1/y
dy/dx-y/x=y-1

yn=y-1
y-n=y1

multipliying both sides by y1 yeilds:
y1(dy/dx) -y2/x=1

using change of variable v=y1-n=y2
dv/dx=(2y)(dy/dx)
(1/2)(dv/dx)=(y)(dy/dx)
and subbing the results yeilds:
(1/2)(dv/dx)-v/x=1

using an integrating factor to solve the resulting linear differential equation
Your equation is not in the proper form for the integrating factor. The leading coefficient must be ##1##, so you need to multiply your equation by ##2## before continuing.
 
  • #3
thanks a bunch, I got it now
 

1. What is Bernoulli's differential equation?

Bernoulli's differential equation is a type of nonlinear first-order differential equation that can be represented in the form dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)y^n, where n is a constant. It is named after the Swiss mathematician, Jacob Bernoulli, who first studied and published a solution to this equation in 1695.

2. What is the significance of solving Bernoulli's differential equation?

Solving Bernoulli's differential equation is important in many fields of science and engineering, such as physics, chemistry, and economics. It allows us to model and understand various real-world phenomena, such as population growth, chemical reactions, and airflow over a curved surface.

3. What is the general solution to Bernoulli's differential equation?

The general solution to Bernoulli's differential equation can be found using the substitution method, where a new variable z = y^(1-n) is introduced. This transforms the equation into a linear first-order differential equation, which can be solved using standard techniques, such as separation of variables or integrating factors.

4. Are there any special cases of Bernoulli's differential equation?

Yes, there are two special cases of Bernoulli's differential equation that are commonly encountered. The first is when n = 0, which reduces the equation to a linear first-order equation. The second is when n = 1, which results in a separable differential equation. Both of these cases have well-known and straightforward solutions.

5. What are some applications of Bernoulli's differential equation in real life?

Bernoulli's differential equation has many practical applications, such as modeling population growth and decay, analyzing chemical reactions, predicting airflow over a curved surface, and understanding the behavior of electric circuits. It is also used in economics to model supply and demand curves and in biology to study predator-prey relationships.

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