Specific heat of a heavy ion plasma

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SUMMARY

The specific heat of the plasma produced by heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is estimated to be approximately 2e5 J/(g-K), significantly higher than the specific heat of lead, which is 0.13 J/(g-K). This estimation is based on the energy of a heavy-ion collision at 1150 TeV, resulting in an energy of 1.8e-4 J for the plasma formed from two lead nuclei. The temperature of the heavy ion plasma exceeds 1.6e12 K, indicating the presence of numerous additional degrees of freedom beyond the two lead nuclei involved in the collision.

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  • Understanding of heavy ion collisions at the LHC
  • Knowledge of specific heat calculations
  • Familiarity with energy units, particularly TeV to Joules conversion
  • Basic concepts of plasma physics and thermodynamics
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  • Learn about the role of additional degrees of freedom in plasma behavior
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Physicists, researchers in high-energy particle physics, and students studying thermodynamics and plasma physics will benefit from this discussion on the specific heat of heavy ion plasma.

rosewc
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I am surprised by the result when I estimate the specific heat of the plasma produced by heavy ion collisions in the LHC:
C(plasma) ~= 2e5 J/(g-K) (Details below.)
This is ~1e6 times greater than C(lead)=0.13 J/(g-K) (1).
Did I make a mistake? If not, can the physics experts who read this explain why the specific heat is so high? (Extra degrees of freedom, ...?)

Thanks in advance for your feedback.
________________________________
Estimate of specific heat of a heavy ion plasma at LHC:
C = energy added/(mass*change in temperature)

Energy added:
Energy of a heavy-ion collison at LHC = 1150 TeV (2).
Energy = 1150 TeV * 1.6e-7 J/TeV = 1.8e-4 J

Mass:
I assume plasma is made of 2 lead nuclei which collide.
Mass = 2 x 206 nuceons x 1.66e-24 g/nucleon = 6.8e-22 g

Temperature:
Heavy ion plasma temp at LHC exceeds 100,000 X solar core temp (3).
Temp>=1.6e7 K *1e5 = 1.6e12 K

C = energy added/(mass*change in temperature)
C = 1.7e5 J/(g-K)

(1) http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/tables/sphtt.html
(2) http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1165534/files/CERN-Brochure-2009-003-Eng.pdf, p.21.
(3) Ibid., p.25.
 
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There are many, many more degrees of freedom than just two lead nuclei. Indeed, one can argue the point of the experiment is to measure them. One finds there are more than you would expect even from just 208+208 participating nucleons.
 

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