# Spin 1/2 particles and magnetic fields

I was told that if you put a spin 1/2 particle in a magnetic field, it will align with or against the field. But some places it also says that it will precess around the field. Which one is right?

Matterwave
Gold Member
If the magnetic dipole of that particle is constant (as is in the classical case) then the dipole will allign with the magnetic field. If the magnetic dipole is proportional to the angular momentum, as is the case with actual particles \mu=\gamma*L Then the dipole (and therefore the spin) can no longer align with the magnetic field, and will precess around it (Larmer Precession).

So the spin doesn't *really* align with the magnetic field, then, it just precesses around it. So what do spin 'up' and spin 'down' really refer to? To whether the magnetic moment is pointed towards the direction of the field or away from it, but not parallel or antiparallel? I guess that would make sense.

Matterwave
Gold Member
Spin up and spin down are not defined using magnetic moments. They usually mean the z-component of the spin vector (expectation) is +hbar/2 or -hbar/2 for up or down respectively.

Spin up and spin down are not defined using magnetic moments. They usually mean the z-component of the spin vector (expectation) is +hbar/2 or -hbar/2 for up or down respectively.

So I had it backwards? The spin is intrinsic, and the magnetic moment is defined using the spin - since spin is a type of angular momentum.

So if I put a spin 1/2 particle in a magnetic field, whether or not the spin vector points towards the field or away from it determines whether or not the magnetic dipole moment precesses towards or away from the direction of the magnetic field?

Matterwave