Statics 2D Virtual Work problem regarding calculation of Normal force

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manan1
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PROBLEM 1


Homework Statement



Grey placeholder graphic with the postimage logo and the text 'image not found or was removed' on a blue background.


The frame in the figure is supported by a hinge in A and a roller in G. It is loaded by a couple = 14 kN*m in B, a force = 12 kN in D and a distributed force = 4 kN/m on section EG. = 1.4 m.
Calculate the normal force in C. Use the correct signs for tension and compression. Hint: Solve using the principle of virtual work and use previously mastered methods to check your answer.


This is a problem from mastering engineering, the statics book. I can solve the problem using equilibrium equations, but i want to know what i am doing wrong with when I am doing using the virtual work theorem.

Homework Equations



[itex]\delta[/itex]W = 0
[itex]\delta\theta small → tan ( \delta\theta) ≈ \delta\theta ;[/itex]


The Attempt at a Solution



Placeholder image from postimage free image hosting reading "image not found or was removed" on a blue background.



[itex]\delta\theta_{1} = \delta\theta_{2} = \delta\theta[/itex]


[itex]\delta\theta_{1} = \delta u_{1}/a[/itex]
[itex]\delta\theta_{2} = \delta u_{2}/2a[/itex]


LET
[itex]\delta u_{2} = \delta u[/itex]

[itex]\delta u_{2}/2a = \delta u_{1}/a → \delta u_{1} = \delta u/2[/itex]
[itex]\delta u_{3}/(a/2) = \delta u/2a → \delta u_{3} = \delta u/4[/itex]
[itex]\delta u_{5} = \delta u_{1} = \delta u/2[/itex]
[itex]\delta u_{4} = \delta u_{2} = \delta u[/itex]

[itex]\delta W = 0[/itex]

Therefore
[itex]-M*\delta\theta-N*\delta u_{5}-N*\delta u_{4}-F*\delta u_{2}-qa*\delta u_{3} = 0[/itex]
[itex]\delta u ≠ 0[/itex]
[itex]-M*\delta u/2a-N*\delta u/2-N*\delta u-F*\delta u-qa*\delta u/4 = 0[/itex]
[itex]-\frac{3}{2}N = M/2a + F + qa/4[/itex]
N = -12.2666... kN


But the answer should be -17.6 kN according to equilibrium equations.



PROBLEM 2

Homework Statement



Diagram of a 2D portal frame supported by a hinge at A and a roller at G, with points B, C, D, E on the frame. Labelled spans a and a along the top, height a on each side, downward force F at B, couple M at D, and distributed load q on segment EG; legend shows positive and negative sign symbols.


The frame in the figure is supported by a hinge in A and a roller in G. It is loaded by a couple = 4 kN*m in D, a force = 6 kN in B and a distributed force = 1 kN/m on section EG. = 1.5 m
Calculate the shear force in C with the sign convention as shown in the figure. Hint: Solve using the principle of virtual work and use previously mastered methods to check your answer.

Homework Equations



[itex]\delta[/itex]W = 0
[itex]\delta\theta small → tan ( \delta\theta) ≈ \delta\theta ;[/itex]


The Attempt at a Solution



Handwritten free-body diagram of a 2D frame with a hinge at the lower left, a roller at the bottom right, a force F pointing down at the top left, a couple at the top corner, and distributed load arrows; green annotations with dimension labels and virtual displacement arrows.


I have no idea how to calculate the virtual displacement for the force F at B.
 
Attachments
  • Diagram of a rectangular portal frame with a hinge support at A and a roller support at G, points B, C, D, E labelled, length a marked on each span, a downward force F at B, a couple M at D, and a distributed load q on section EG; legend shows positive and negative sign symbols.
    VIRT_LR_010.jpg
    9.8 KB · Views: 816
  • Handwritten free-body and kinematic diagram of a two-dimensional frame with a hinge at A and a roller at G, showing a force F, a couple M, distributed load q, and lines marked with virtual displacements.
    DSC00013.JPG
    21.5 KB · Views: 782
Last edited:
i induce the same amount of rotation in both, and than follow to measure the change in the distances
 
I would try the other way around : assuming a deplacement δu2=δu1 and then calculate the rotation
 
tried it, doesn't work.

the new virtual work equation becomes...

-M/a - F - qa/4 = 2N
=> N = -11.7
 
Last edited: