Temperature change after flow through an oriface

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on modeling the temperature change of an ideal gas as it flows through an orifice connecting two chambers at different pressures. The user is specifically examining the scenario where high-pressure air in Chamber A (1.433 MPa, 1000 K) flows into low-pressure air in Chamber B (0.103 MPa, 300 K) through a 10mm diameter orifice with a discharge coefficient of 0.76. The user seeks to understand how the temperature and pressure in both chambers will change after a brief flow period of approximately 4.7 milliseconds, assuming no energy loss. The key challenge is determining the temperature change of the gas in each chamber due to the flow.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ideal gas laws, specifically the equation P=nRT/V.
  • Familiarity with concepts of adiabatic processes and choked flow.
  • Knowledge of thermodynamic properties of air, including specific heat ratio (k=1.4).
  • Basic principles of fluid dynamics, particularly flow through orifices.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the equations governing adiabatic expansion and its effects on temperature and pressure.
  • Explore the concept of choked flow and its implications for gas dynamics in orifices.
  • Learn about the energy conservation principles in closed systems during gas flow.
  • Investigate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools for simulating gas flow through orifices.
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, physicists, and students studying thermodynamics and fluid dynamics, particularly those interested in gas flow behavior through orifices and its impact on temperature and pressure changes.

gbq57
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I'm interested in modelling the effect of a chamber of ideal gas at a high pressure passing through subsequent chambers of lower pressure gas - each subsequent chamber joined to the previous via a thin plate oriface.

I'm looking at at an iterative solution (i don't do integrals) and i am happy that i can calculate the instantaneous flow of gas through an orifice between chambers - whether chocked or not.

I can not find how to calculate the temperature change of the gas in each of the chambers either side of the orifice as a result of the flow (assuming no 'velocity' of gas remains in any of the chambers).

There is no work being done in the system and I know during a free adiabatic expansion the temperature is constant but this scenario is different - I assume temperature/internal energy will drop in the high pressure side and increase in the low pressure side as the gas passes through the orifice - but by how much - can someone point me to a formula or another way of looking at the problem?
 
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Ok - let's put some real figures on this to get the ball rolling...

Assume the gas concerned is air - 29 mol/g, k=1.4

Chamber A has 5g of air (0.1724 mols) in 1 litre at 1000 Kelvin.
P=nRT/V
pressure = 1.433Mpa
density = 5g/l (5kg/m3)

Chamber B has 2.4g of air (0.0827 mols) in 2 litres at 300 Kelvin
pressure = 0.103Mpa
density = 1.2 g/l

The chambers are connected by a 10mm diameter orifice with a discharge Coefficient (C) of 0.76

If the orifice was opened for approx 4.7 milliseconds then closed then I calculate around 0.5 grams of gas would rush under choked conditions to chamber B. But what would the pressure/temperature be in both of the chambers assuming no loss of energy outside the system?

any help, informed guesses, discussion is welcome!
 
any one - am I asking something difficult/unknown?
 

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