The final temperature of a gas?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the final temperature of 2.50 mol of ideal N2 gas after heating and expansion. Initially, the gas is heated at constant volume, resulting in a temperature of 312.5°C. However, when expanding at constant pressure, the temperature must be expressed in Kelvin, leading to the correct final temperature of 899°C. The key equations used include the ideal gas law (PV=nRT) and the internal energy change (ΔU=Q-W).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (PV=nRT)
  • Knowledge of thermodynamic principles, specifically internal energy changes (ΔU=Q-W)
  • Familiarity with heat transfer concepts and constant volume vs. constant pressure processes
  • Ability to convert temperatures between Celsius and Kelvin
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the ideal gas law (PV=nRT)
  • Learn about thermodynamic processes and their impact on gas behavior
  • Explore the concept of internal energy and its calculation in different systems
  • Practice converting temperatures between Celsius and Kelvin for thermodynamic calculations
USEFUL FOR

Students in chemistry or physics, educators teaching thermodynamics, and anyone involved in gas behavior analysis and calculations.

JustinLiang
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Homework Statement


Starting with 2.50 mol of N2 gas (assumed to be ideal) in a cylinder at 1.00 atm and 20C, a chemist first heats the gas at constant volume, adding 1.52x10^4J of heat, then continues heating and allows the gas to expand at constant pressure to twice its original volume. Calculate the final temperature of the gas.

Homework Equations


PV=nRT
ΔU=Q-W
ΔU=nCvΔT

The Attempt at a Solution


The first part suggests that the system is in a constant volume. Thus:
ΔU=Q
nCvΔT=Q
(2.5mol)(5/2)(R)(Tf-20)=1.52x10^4

I solve for Tf and I get 312.5C.

Now the next part suggests the system is at a constant pressure and the volume doubles.
So I use PV=nRT where n, R and P are constant.
V/T=V/T
1/312.5C=2/T

I solve for and I get 625C. However the answer in the back is 899C. What am I doing wrong?

Thanks!
 
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JustinLiang said:
Now the next part suggests the system is at a constant pressure and the volume doubles.
So I use PV=nRT where n, R and P are constant.
V/T=V/T
1/312.5C=2/T
For this equation, T must be expressed as an absolute temperature, not in degrees C.
 

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