Thermal Management Question in Spacecraft

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on thermal management in spacecraft, specifically estimating the radiator size needed to maintain an instrument's temperature below -20°C while dissipating 10W of heat. Given the parameters of a 175mm by 125mm baseplate, a chotherm interface, and environmental conditions around Mars, the calculated radiator size is approximately 0.105 m². Key factors include the albedo of Mars (0.29), the solar constant (1369 W/m²), and the interface conductance (250 W/(m²·K)). An uncertainty margin of 10°C is also considered in the calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermal management principles in spacecraft
  • Knowledge of heat transfer concepts, including conduction and radiation
  • Familiarity with the properties of materials, specifically chotherm interfaces
  • Basic understanding of planetary albedo and its effects on thermal calculations
NEXT STEPS
  • Research thermal interface materials and their conductance properties
  • Explore the calculations involved in spacecraft radiator sizing
  • Learn about the effects of planetary albedo on thermal management
  • Investigate the thermal performance of different radiator materials in space environments
USEFUL FOR

Thermal engineers, spacecraft designers, and students studying aerospace engineering will benefit from this discussion, particularly those focused on thermal management solutions in extraterrestrial environments.

Tanzim Kawnine
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Hello guys,

Below I am presenting a question related to thermal management in spacecraft . Perhaps many of you might find it interesting! And this could be a real-life problem for thermal engineering in a spacecraft . So, the question is following:

An instrument dissipates 10W and, in order for its detector to operate effectively, must be kept below -20°C. Its baseplate has a contact area of 175mm by 125mm and is bolted to a radiator with a chotherm interface. If the spacecraft is orbiting Mars (at a sun distance of 1.5 AU) and the radiator is facing the planet, estimate the size of radiator required. Assume the following :
• Albedo of Mars is 0.29 and its temperature is -60°C. The solar constant is
1369 W/m2
• The interface conductance between the unit and the radiator is 250 W/(m^2)*K
• Emissivity of the radiator is 0.8, absorptivity is 0.08


Also, An uncertainty margin of 10°C is to be used!

I found out the size of the radiator should be about 0.105 m^2.
What about yours? I would appreciate your help here. Thanks in advance.

Regards
TK
 
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