Time evolution of a particle in momentum space

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the time evolution of a wavefunction in momentum space, specifically using the equation ##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = < p|U(t,t_{0})|\Psi>##. The unitary operator is defined as ##U(t,t_{0})^\dagger = e^{\frac{i}{\hbar}\frac{\hat{p^2}t}{2m}}##, leading to the expression for ##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t)## involving the initial wavefunction ##\Psi(x)=(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{\frac{1}{4}}e^{ik_{0}x-ax^{2}/2}##. The final form of the wavefunction in momentum space is confirmed as ##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{1/4}e^{-\frac{(k-k_{0})^2}{2a}}e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}\frac{\hbar^2k^2t}{2m}}##, with a note on potential sign errors in the integrand.

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Foracle
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Homework Statement
At time t=0, the wave function of a particle is
##\Psi(x,0)=(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{\frac{1}{4}}e^{ik_{0}x-ax^{2}/2}##
##\alpha## and ##k_{0}## are real constants

What is the wavefunction at time t in momentum space, ##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t)##?
Relevant Equations
##\tilde{\Psi}(k)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty }^{\infty}dxe^{ikx}\Psi(x)##

##U(t,t_{0})=e^{-\frac{i}{\hbar}\hat{H}t} = e^{-\frac{i}{\hbar}\frac{\hat{p^2}t}{2m}} ##
Since it asks for the time evolution of the wavefunction in the momentum space, I write : ##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = < p|U(t,t_{0})|\Psi> = < U^\dagger(t,t_{0})p|\Psi>##

Since ##U(t,t_{0})^\dagger = e^{\frac{i}{\hbar}\frac{\hat{p^2}t}{2m}}##, the above equation becomes
##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}\frac{p^2t}{2m}} < p|\Psi> = e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}\frac{p^2t}{2m}} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty }^{\infty}dxe^{ikx}\Psi(x)##

Evaluate this with ##\Psi(x)=(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{\frac{1}{4}}e^{ik_{0}x-ax^{2}/2}##, I end up getting :
##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{1/4}e^{-\frac{(k-k_{0})^2}{2a}}e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}\frac{p^2t}{2m}}##

Since ##p=\hbar k##,
##\tilde{\Psi}(k,t) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}(\frac{\alpha}{\pi})^{1/4}e^{-\frac{(k-k_{0})^2}{2a}}e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}\frac{\hbar^2k^2t}{2m}}##

Is this the right way to solve this problem?
 
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Your work looks good to me except for some sign issues.
Foracle said:
Relevant Equations:: ##\tilde{\Psi}(k)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty }^{\infty}dxe^{ikx}\Psi(x)##
Check to see if the factor of ##e^{ikx}## in the integrand should actually be ##e^{-ikx}##. With ##e^{-ikx}##, then I think your result for ##\tilde{\Psi}(k, t)## is correct. But, if you use your way of writing ##\tilde{\Psi}(k)##, then I believe you would get a result for ##\tilde{\Psi}(k, t)## with a factor of ##\large e^{-\frac{(k+k_0)^2}{2a}}## instead of ##\large e^{-\frac{(k-k_0)^2}{2a}}##.

(But maybe I'm the one who's getting the signs wrong. :oldsmile:)
 
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