Two sets of waves in a Hertzian Dipole?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the behavior of electromagnetic waves generated by a Hertzian dipole, specifically focusing on the nature of the fields in the near field and their implications for wave radiation in the far field. Participants explore theoretical aspects of electromagnetic radiation, including the roles of electric and magnetic fields, phase relationships, and power radiation.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that a Hertzian dipole creates two sets of electromagnetic waves in the far field due to the changing electric and magnetic fields being in quadrature.
  • Another participant argues that only one radiated wave exists, as the Poynting vector requires both electric and magnetic fields to be in phase to radiate power, implying that quadrature fields do not contribute to radiation.
  • A different viewpoint questions whether the changing induction fields, as described by Maxwell's equations, are responsible for creating radiating far fields.
  • Another participant emphasizes that fields in phase quadrature represent energy storage rather than power, citing the integral of their product over a cycle as zero, and drawing an analogy to the behavior of voltage and current in a pure inductance.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express competing views regarding the nature of the fields and their contributions to radiation. There is no consensus on whether two sets of waves are created or if only one radiated wave exists.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference Maxwell's equations and the Poynting vector, indicating a reliance on specific definitions and mathematical relationships that may not be fully resolved within the discussion.

barton
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In the near field, a hertzian pole has a changing electric field and a changing magnetic field, that are in both space and time quadrature. Are two sets of EM waves then created in the far field, one from the changing e-field, and one from the changing m-field?
 
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There is only one radiated wave; The radiated Poynting vector P = E x H requires both an E vector and an H vector in phase. A quadrature phase field is an induction field (like in Faraday induction, where voltage is proportional to dB/dt), and cannot radiate power. The far-field radiated wave has the E:H vector ratio of 377:1 in the mks system. The polarization is along E.
 
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Don't the changing induction fields create the radiating far fields, as described by Maxwell's equations?
 
If two fields are in time (phase) quadrature, They represent energy storage, not power. The integral of [sin(wt) x cos(wt) dt] over 2 pi is zero. Consider the voltage and current for a pure inductance. They are in phase quadrature, and there is no real power.
 

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