Understanding Noether Current and Its Internal Symmetry in Lagrangian Dynamics

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the derivation of the Noether current from the Lagrangian defined as L=i ψ* ˙ψ - (1/2m) ∇ψ* ∇ψ, which exhibits an internal symmetry under the transformation ψ → e^(iα)ψ. The Noether current is expressed as j^μ = (ψ*ψ, (i/2m)(ψ*∇ψ - ψ∇ψ*)). The participants address two main issues: eliminating the negative sign in the 0th component of the current and the rationale behind omitting the infinitesimal parameter α in the expression for δψ to avoid its presence in j^μ.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lagrangian mechanics and symmetries
  • Familiarity with Noether's theorem and its implications
  • Knowledge of complex functions and their derivatives
  • Basic grasp of field theory concepts
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  • Study the derivation of Noether currents in various field theories
  • Explore the implications of internal symmetries in quantum field theory
  • Investigate techniques for manipulating Lagrangians and their symmetries
  • Learn about gauge invariance and its relation to Noether's theorem
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The discussion is beneficial for theoretical physicists, graduate students in physics, and researchers focusing on field theory and symmetries in Lagrangian dynamics.

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Given the Lagrangian

[itex]L=i \psi^\star \dot{\psi} - \frac{1}{2m} \nabla \psi^\star \nabla \psi[/itex]
which has an internal symmetry [itex]\psi \rightarrow e^{i \alpha} \psi[/itex] so [itex]\delta \psi = i \psi[/itex] (am I correct in saying that we omit the infinitesimal parameter [itex]\alpha[/itex] here because we don't want it appearing in the Noether current?)

Anyway I want to show the Noether current is given by
[itex]j^\mu = \left( \psi^\star \psi , \frac{i}{2m} ( \psi^star \nabla \psi - \psi \nabla \psi^star ) \right)[/itex]

so my formula for the noether current is

[itex]j^\mu = \frac{\partial L}{\partial ( \partial_\mu \psi)} \delta \psi - F^\mu[/itex] where [itex]F^\mu satisfies [itex]\delta L = \partial_\mu F^\mu[/itex]<br /> <br /> now if i set [itex]\mu =0[/itex] and work through i get [itex]j^0=- \psi^star \psi[/itex] does anyone know how to get rid of this minus sign?<br /> <br /> and if i work on the [itex]\mu=i[/itex] components i get it to work out using the formula for [itex]j=i[/itex] \bove added to the formula for [itex]j=i[/itex] where I replace [itex]\psi[/itex] with [itex]\psi^\star[/itex]<br /> <br /> so my only real problems are <br /> a) how to get rid of the minus sign in the 0th component<br /> b)why do we get rid of the infinitesimal parameter when writing out [itex]\delta \psi[/itex] - is it so it doesn't appear in [itex]j^\mu[/itex] and if so, why do we not want it in j^\mu[/itex]
 
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