Understanding the Dynamics of Rectangular vs Polar/Spherical Unit Vectors

In summary, rectangular unit vectors remain constant in time because they are parallel to each other and essentially the same vector. However, polar and spherical coordinate system unit vectors are not constant in time because they are orthogonal to non-parallel surfaces, causing them to vary at different points.
  • #1
delve
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Why are rectangular unit vectors constant in time whereas those of a polar coordinate or spherical coordinate system aren't?
 
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  • #2
How is anything changing in time? You need to be waaaay more specific.
 
  • #3
Could you help me figure out how I can be more specific?
 
  • #4
delve said:
Why are rectangular unit vectors constant in time whereas those of a polar coordinate or spherical coordinate system aren't?

THe unit vector in the x-direction is orthogonal to the surface x=some constant (i.e, planes).

Thus, all these unit vectors in the x-direction are PARALLELL to each other, and thus, essentially, the same vector.

The radial vector, however, is orthogonal to the surface r=some constant (i.e, spheres)

Along each such surface, non-paralllell radial vectors abound, and thus, the unit radial vactor is NOT the same at different points on the surface.
 
  • #5
I believe that makes sense, thank you!
 

FAQ: Understanding the Dynamics of Rectangular vs Polar/Spherical Unit Vectors

1. What are rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors?

Rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors are mathematical concepts that represent the direction and magnitude of a vector in three-dimensional space. Rectangular unit vectors are defined by their x, y, and z components and are typically represented by the unit vectors i, j, and k. Polar/spherical unit vectors, on the other hand, are defined by their magnitude and direction relative to a reference point or origin.

2. How do rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors differ?

The main difference between rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors is how they are defined and represented. Rectangular unit vectors are defined by their x, y, and z components, while polar/spherical unit vectors are defined by their magnitude and direction relative to a reference point. Additionally, rectangular unit vectors are typically used in Cartesian coordinate systems, while polar/spherical unit vectors are used in polar coordinate systems.

3. What is the importance of understanding the dynamics of rectangular vs polar/spherical unit vectors?

Understanding the dynamics of rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors is crucial in many scientific fields, including physics, engineering, and mathematics. These concepts are used to represent and analyze the direction and magnitude of physical quantities, such as force, velocity, and acceleration, in three-dimensional space. By understanding the differences between these two types of unit vectors, scientists can accurately describe and predict the behavior of objects and systems.

4. Can rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors be converted into each other?

Yes, rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors can be converted into each other using mathematical formulas. For example, to convert from rectangular to polar/spherical unit vectors, the magnitude can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem, and the direction can be determined using trigonometric functions. Similarly, to convert from polar/spherical to rectangular unit vectors, the x, y, and z components can be found using trigonometric functions.

5. How are rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors used in practical applications?

Rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors are used in various practical applications, such as navigation, computer graphics, and robotics. In navigation, polar/spherical unit vectors are used to represent the direction and position of objects relative to a reference point, such as in GPS systems. In computer graphics, rectangular unit vectors are used to represent the direction of light rays and determine the color and intensity of pixels. In robotics, both rectangular and polar/spherical unit vectors are used to control the movement and orientation of robotic arms and machines.

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