Understanding VFD & 3 Phase AC Motors: Torque, Speed, and Voltage Explained

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) and three-phase AC motors, emphasizing the relationship between torque, speed, and voltage. Torque is directly proportional to the square of the applied voltage (V^2), while speed is directly proportional to frequency. The volts-per-hertz rule is crucial for adjusting voltage in relation to frequency to maintain current draw. Additionally, the conversation addresses the concepts of motor load and calculating starting torque, particularly for a hollow cylindrical load, utilizing the moment of inertia formula.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Variable Frequency Drives (VFD)
  • Knowledge of three-phase AC motor operation
  • Familiarity with torque and speed relationships in electric motors
  • Basic physics concepts, particularly moment of inertia
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the volts-per-hertz control method for VFDs
  • Study the Steinmetz equivalent circuit for induction motors
  • Learn how to calculate starting torque for various loads
  • Explore angular acceleration calculations in rotational dynamics
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, motor control specialists, and anyone involved in the design or operation of three-phase AC motors and VFD systems.

dannygul
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Hi,

I am trying to understand the concept of the VFD & the AC motors running on three phase . I have briefed about the concept involved with the VFD what i understood;---

Torque --- directly proportionalt to applied V^2
speed --- directly proportionalt to frequency

One way to control the industion motor operation is using following rule :---
volts per hertz
applied voltage to be proportionally adjusted whenever the frequency is changed to draw same current from the supply.

means torque & speed can be adjusted by varying the voltage & frequency.


I am confused at two thing :-----

1> what do we means by the -- motor on load ?


2> how can we find the starting torque required by the motor, when suppose some device is connected to it ?

For 2> i have done following analysis but still stuck at one thing.
Suppose for example i want to rotate the hollow cylindrical attached to shaft of my motor. Then first i need to find out the -- Torque needed to start the rotation of hollow cylinder.
Litle physics :----
Torque = dL/dt = d(I*w)/dt = I*d(w)/dt = I* α

moment of inertia of a uniform hollow cylinder of inner radius b, outer radius a, and mass M.
I = 1/2* M * (a^2 + b^2 )

But how can we calculate the α angular acceleration well in advance when motor is not started ?


Please suggest for these point.
 
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