Uniform Vertical Force of Electrons, Using Momentum Principle

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the calculation of the final vertical position of an electron in a cathode ray tube (CRT) after being deflected by electric fields. The electron, initially traveling with a velocity \( v_0 \), experiences a uniform vertical force \( F \) while passing between charged plates of length \( d \). The key equations utilized include the position formula \( y_f = y_i + V_{avg,y} \cdot t \) and the displacement equation \( \Delta y = \frac{1}{2} a t^2 + v_i t \). The challenge lies in determining the time \( t \) the electron spends in the electric field and the components of its velocity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of cathode ray tube (CRT) operation and electron dynamics
  • Familiarity with Newton's laws of motion and forces
  • Knowledge of kinematic equations for motion in two dimensions
  • Basic principles of electric fields and forces on charged particles
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the kinematic equations for projectile motion in electric fields
  • Learn about the principles of electron deflection in CRTs
  • Explore the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration in particle physics
  • Investigate the calculation of time of flight for charged particles in electric fields
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism and particle dynamics, as well as educators seeking to explain the principles of electron behavior in CRTs.

leejqs
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Homework Statement


In a cathode ray tube (CRT) used in older television sets and oscilloscopes, a beam of electrons is steered to different placed on a phosphor screen, which glows at locations hit by electrons. The CRT is evacuated, so there are few gas molecules present for the electrons to collide with. Electric forces are used to accelerate electrons of mass m to a speed , after which they pass between positively and negatively charged metal plates which deflect the electron in the vertical direction (upward in the diagram, or downward if the sign of the charges on the plates is reversed).
[IMAGE in attachment]
While an electron is between the plates, it experiences a uniform vertical force F, but when the electron is outside the plates there is negligible force on it. The gravitational force on the electron is also negligibly small in this situation. The length of the metal plates is d, and the phosphor screen is a distance L from the metal plates. Where does the electron hit the screen? (That is, what is yf?)
(Enter your response in terms of the variables mentioned in the problem. Use "v0" to represent v0.)


Homework Equations


position=initial position + average velocity*time
change in momentum (p)= Forcenet*time


The Attempt at a Solution


Well, since this is a conceptual question, only using the variables given, and no quantities, I decided to work backwards...

I know that the yfinal position = the yinitial position + Vavg,y*time.

I believe that since the initial velocity of the electron has only an x component, the y component force just changes the direction of this initial velocity, and not the magnitude. So when making a triangle, as seen in the attached image, the hypotenus=the initial velocity, the opposite side= the distancey, but I can't find the x and y components of the velocity because I don't have a quantity for force, nor an angle to work with.. I'm stuck here. Any help or guidance would be greatly appreciated! Thanks!

http://img704.imageshack.us/img704/255/crtdeflection.png
 
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The displacement of the electron along the direction of the acceleration due to the force could be modeled as del(y) = .5*a*t2 + vi*t, in which del() refers to delta/change in, a is the acceleration, t is time, and vi is the initial velocity in the direction of the acceleration; this displacement occurs so long as the electron is within the electric field (after it exits, you can consider the acceleration negligible). You also need the time, which you can find using the horizontal displacement and initial horizontal velocity v0.
 
would time t = the distance d divided by the initial x velocity, or the the distance L divided by the initial x velocity?
 

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