Using the Intermediate Value Theorem on two functions?

In summary: By definition, f(c)-g(c)=0, so f(c)=g(c).In summary, the Intermediate Value Theorem states that if a continuous function f has values f(a) and f(b) at the endpoints of an interval [a, b], and a number K between f(a) and f(b), then there exists at least one number c between a and b for which f(c) = K. The proof involves considering the function h(x) = f(x) - g(x) and showing that there exists a c such that h(c) = 0, which implies that f(c) = g(c).
  • #1
LilTaru
81
0

Homework Statement



Given that f and g are continuous on [a, b], that f(a) < g(a), and g(b) < f(b), show that there exists at least one number c in (a, b) such that f(c) = g(c). HINT: Consider f(x) - g(x).

Homework Equations



If f is continuous on [a, b] and K is a number between f(a) and f(b), then there is at lease one number c between a and b for which f(c) = K.

The Attempt at a Solution



I know the proof for the Intermediate Value Theorem (IVT) is as follows:

Suppose F(a) < K < f(b)
g(x) = f(x) - K is continuous on [a, b], since
g(a) = f(a) - K < 0 and g(b) = f(b) - K > 0
We know there is a number c between a and b for which g(c) = 0
Then, f(c) = K

From the hint it seems to say to make a function p(x) = f(x) - g(x) like how g(x) = f(x) - K in the proof. But I don't know where to go from there... it gets confusing with so many functions!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Put h(x)=f(x)-g(x). Then h(a)<0 and h(b)>0. Thus [tex]0\in [h(a),h(b)] [/tex], which implies that h(c)=0 for some c.
 

1. What is the Intermediate Value Theorem?

The Intermediate Value Theorem is a mathematical theorem that states that if a continuous function, f, has two points, a and b, such that f(a) and f(b) have opposite signs, then there exists at least one point c between a and b where f(c) = 0.

2. How is the Intermediate Value Theorem used on two functions?

The Intermediate Value Theorem can be used on two functions by first finding the points where the two functions intersect. If the values of the two functions at these intersection points have opposite signs, then the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees the existence of a point where the two functions are equal.

3. What is the importance of using the Intermediate Value Theorem on two functions?

Using the Intermediate Value Theorem on two functions allows us to prove the existence of a solution to an equation without actually finding the solution. This can be useful in situations where the equation is difficult to solve algebraically.

4. Can the Intermediate Value Theorem be used on non-continuous functions?

No, the Intermediate Value Theorem only applies to continuous functions. A function is considered continuous if it has no breaks or jumps in its graph.

5. Are there any limitations to using the Intermediate Value Theorem on two functions?

The Intermediate Value Theorem can only be used to prove the existence of a solution, it does not provide any information about the actual value of the solution. Additionally, the theorem only applies to functions with real numbers as inputs and outputs.

Similar threads

  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
276
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
14
Views
1K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
8
Views
467
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
22
Views
339
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
280
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
503
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
1K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
26
Views
2K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
15
Views
1K
Back
Top