Velocity of Center of Mass for a Downwardly-Rotating Sphere

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves determining the velocity of the center of mass of a sphere rolling down an inclined plane with friction, contrasting with a previous scenario where the sphere rolled without friction. The context includes concepts of energy conservation and rotational dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the application of conservation of energy, questioning the role of friction and the correct formulation of kinetic energy for a rolling object. There is an exploration of the relationship between translational and rotational motion.

Discussion Status

Some participants have provided insights into the energy conservation approach, while others are reflecting on their calculations and assumptions. There is an acknowledgment of mistakes in previous reasoning, and a more comprehensive understanding of kinetic energy components is being developed.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the implications of friction in the rolling motion and the need to account for both translational and rotational kinetic energy. The discussion highlights the importance of correctly applying the principles of energy conservation in this context.

CARNiVORE
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Homework Statement


mass = M
radius = r
rot. inertia = i
height = h
Sphere of mass M is released from rest at the top of an inclined plane.
The speed of the center of mass at the bottom of the incline, without friction, is sqrt(2gh).

I need to find the velocity of the center of mass assuming the plane has friction and the sphere rolls without slipping.

Homework Equations



I'm perplexed. My only guess would be vcm = (Σmivi)/(Σmi)

The Attempt at a Solution



The correct answer is √(2MgHr2)/(I+Mr2).
 
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A more useful relevant equation would be work conservation. What does that have to say?
 
Thanks for the response. That's a good idea. Let's see what I can do with that. It starts from rest, so Ki = 0. It ends at h=0, so Uf = 0.
Wi = Ki
Ui = Kf + Wƒ
mgh = .5mv2 + μmgh
2gh = v2 + 2μgh
√2gh - 2μgh = v

Definitely incorrect. Since μ isn't even in the answer, I'm guessing that I either need to solve for μ, or I approached this completely incorrectly. Maybe both. What do you think?
 
CARNiVORE said:
Thanks for the response. That's a good idea. Let's see what I can do with that. It starts from rest, so Ki = 0. It ends at h=0, so Uf = 0.
Wi = Ki
Ui = Kf + Wƒ
mgh = .5mv2 + μmgh
2gh = v2 + 2μgh
√2gh - 2μgh = v

Definitely incorrect. Since μ isn't even in the answer, I'm guessing that I either need to solve for μ, or I approached this completely incorrectly. Maybe both. What do you think?
It is rolling now, not sliding, so the friction does no work. On the other hand, you have not counted all the KE of the ball.
 
Oops, that was a silly mistake. I also forgot to add .5iω2 to the final kinetic energy. I've figured it out now, though:

mgh = .5mv2 + .5iω2
2mgh = mv2 + i(v2/r2)
2mghr2 = mv2r2 + iv2
2mghr2 = v2(mr2 + i)
2mghr2/(mr2 + i) = v2

Then just take the square root of both sides. Thanks for your help!
 

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