Velocity-Time Graphs and Friction

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the analysis of velocity-time graphs for an object moving on an inclined, frictionless surface. It is established that the velocity graph will be linear with a constant slope due to constant acceleration. However, when friction is introduced, the graph's shape changes, becoming non-linear as friction opposes motion, resulting in different accelerations when moving up and down the incline. The final conclusion is that the velocity graph will resemble a "V" shape when friction is present, indicating varying acceleration during ascent and descent.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic physics concepts such as acceleration and velocity.
  • Familiarity with inclined plane dynamics.
  • Knowledge of energy conservation principles, specifically kinetic and gravitational potential energy.
  • Ability to interpret and draw velocity-time graphs.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the effects of friction on motion in inclined planes.
  • Learn how to derive and analyze velocity-time graphs for various motion scenarios.
  • Explore the principles of energy conservation in mechanical systems.
  • Investigate the mathematical modeling of motion with friction using differential equations.
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Students studying physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of motion on inclined surfaces.

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Homework Statement


An object moves up and down an inclined, frictionless surface.
1) Draw a Velocity-Time Graph of this situation.
2) If there was friction, how would it impact the graph?


Homework Equations


Ek = 1/2 m v^2
Eg = mgh
Ek = Eg
I don't think the equations are necessary in the solution, but I included these equations since energy must be conserved as the object moves on the surface, so the final and initial speeds must be the same too.


The Attempt at a Solution


Since the track is frictionless, acceleration should be constant. This means that the velocity graph should be linear with a constant slope. If friction is involved, it will oppose the direction of motion meaning the acceleration up the incline and down the incline will be different, meaning that friction works the same no matter if the object is moving upwards or downwards. So, the velocity graph will not be linear in shape. When the object moves downwards, it should speed up because the parallel component of the gravitational force is in that direction. In that case, the graph should look like a V. Is this correct?
 
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Mooshk said:
Since the track is frictionless, acceleration should be constant. This means that the velocity graph should be linear with a constant slope.

The magnitude of acceleration is constant in the first case, not the direction. If the body moves up again, the motion retards instead of getting accelerated.
 

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