Verifying Coordinate System for Electric and Magnetic Forces

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on verifying the coordinate system used for calculating electric and magnetic forces in a charged particle beam scenario. The calculations involve the electric field strength, given by $$\vec{E}=\dfrac{\vec{F_e}}{q}$$, resulting in $$6,88\cdot{10^5}\hat{j}\;N/C$$, and the magnetic field strength, calculated as $$\vec{B}=3,44\;T\hat{k}$$. Participants noted the importance of considering vector velocity rather than scalar speed and highlighted the application of this setup in mass spectrometers as a velocity selector for charged particles. The discussion emphasizes the need for precise unit checks and the correct interpretation of the problem's parameters.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric fields and forces, specifically $$\vec{E}$$ and $$\vec{F_e}$$.
  • Familiarity with magnetic fields and the Lorentz force equation, $$\vec{F_m}=q(\vec{v}\times{\vec{B}})$$.
  • Knowledge of vector calculus, particularly determinants for cross products.
  • Basic principles of particle physics, including the behavior of protons in electric and magnetic fields.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the Lorentz force in charged particle accelerators.
  • Learn about the design and function of mass spectrometers, focusing on velocity selectors.
  • Explore advanced topics in electromagnetism, particularly Maxwell's equations.
  • Investigate the effects of varying magnetic field strengths on charged particle trajectories.
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, electrical engineers, and students studying electromagnetism or particle physics will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in the practical applications of electric and magnetic forces in charged particle systems.

mcastillo356
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Homework Statement
One proton experiences a force of $$1,10\cdot{10^{-13}}\;N$$ in the direction $$+y$$ due to a electric field
a) Calculate the direction and size of the electric field that causes the force
At a certain moment has a velocity of $$2\cdot{10^5}\;m/s$$
b) Calculate the magnetic field (size and direction) needed to apply so that the proton experienced a net force equal to zero
Data: $$q(p)=1,6\cdot{10^{-19}}\;C$$
Relevant Equations
$$\vec{E}=\dfrac{\vec{F_e}}{q}$$
Newton's second law
$$\vec{F_m}=q(\vec{v}\times{\vec{B}})$$
The attached file is the coordinate system I've used
a) $$\vec{E}=\dfrac{\vec{F_e}}{q}=\dfrac{1,10\cdot{10^{-13}}\hat{j}\;N}{1,6\cdot{10^{-19}}\;C}=6,88\cdot{10^5}\hat{j}\;N/C$$
b) $$\sum{\vec{F_{net}}}=\vec{0}=\vec{F_e}+\vec{F_m}$$
$$-6,88\cdot{10^5}\hat{j}\;N=q(\vec{v}\times{\vec{B}})=q\begin{vmatrix}\hat{i}&\hat{j}&\hat{k}\\v_x&v_y&v_z\\B_x&B_y&B_z\end{vmatrix}=q\left[(v_yB_z-v_zB_y)\hat{i}-(v_xB_z-v_zB_x)\hat{j}+(v_xB_y-v_yB_x)\hat{k}\right]=-qv_xB_z\hat{j}$$
The direction of $$\vec{B}$$ is $$+z$$
So $$\dfrac{6,88\cdot{10^5}\hat{j}\;N}{q\cdot{v_x}}\hat{k}=\vec{B}$$
$$2,15\times{10^{19}}\hat{k}T=\vec{B}$$
Have I done wright?
 

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mcastillo356 said:
At a certain moment has a velocity of $$2\cdot{10^5}\;m/s$$
It looks like you have only listed the scalar speed, not the vector velocity with direction. Was the direction of the proton's motion given in the problem?
 
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Check the units of E in your penultimate equation. You are off by ~##10^{19}##
Notice this balance holds only for a proton at a given speed (velocity actually @berkeman ) and the arrangement is very useful as a velocity selector for a charged particle beam (used in mass spectrometers often)
 
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1596141548160.png
 
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Hi everybody. berkeman, hutchphd, TSny:
berkeman, the velocity they provide is only the given in the statement

And this other?:
$$-F_e\hat{j}\;N=-q\cdot{v_\color{red}x}\cdot{B_z}\hat{j}\;N$$
$$-F_e=-q\cdot{v_\color{red}x}\cdot{B_z}$$
$$-F_y=-q\cdot{v_\color{red}x}\cdot{B_z}$$
$$B_z=\dfrac{F_y}{q\cdot{v_\color{red}x}}=3,44\;T$$
$$\vec{B}=3,44\;T\hat{k}$$

Salutes to everybody
 
Last edited:
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