Very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on formulating the Lagrangian mechanics for a mass m moving on a frictionless plane inclined at an angle α. The Lagrangian is defined as \(\mathcal{L} = T - U\), where T represents kinetic energy and U represents potential energy. The participant initially misinterprets the problem as requiring only one generalized coordinate, y, but later realizes that both x and y should be considered in the two-dimensional motion. The correct approach involves defining the coordinates as \(x = y \cos \alpha\) and \(y\), leading to the derivation of two Lagrange equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lagrangian mechanics
  • Familiarity with kinetic and potential energy concepts
  • Knowledge of generalized coordinates in classical mechanics
  • Ability to apply the Euler-Lagrange equation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Lagrangian for multi-dimensional systems
  • Learn about the Euler-Lagrange equation in detail
  • Explore examples of Lagrangian mechanics in inclined planes
  • Investigate the implications of generalized coordinates in complex systems
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, particularly those studying classical mechanics, and educators looking to enhance their understanding of Lagrangian formulations in two-dimensional motion.

Je m'appelle
Messages
117
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


[/B]
Consider a mass m moving in a frictionless plane that slopes at an angle \alpha with the horizontal.
Write down the Lagrangian \mathcal{L} in terms of coordinates x measured horizontally across the slope, and y,
measured down the slope. (Treat the system as two-dimensional, but include the gravitational potential
energy.) Find the two Lagrange equations and show that they are what you should have expected.

Homework Equations



1. The Lagrangian, in terms of the kinetic energy T and potential energy U

\mathcal{L} = T - U

2. The Lagrange equation, for a generalized coordinate q_i

\frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial q_i} = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial \dot{q}_i} \right)

The Attempt at a Solution



There's one thing I don't understand here, which is the problem statement assuming there are two generalized coordinates — thus two resulting Lagrange equations —, whereas I only see one generalized coordinate y, since x (y) = y \cos \alpha and \alpha is constant.

So the Lagrangian would be

\mathcal{L} = \frac{1}{2}m \left(\dot{y}^2 \cos^2 \alpha + \dot{y}^2 \right) - mg y \sin \alpha

And the corresponding single Lagrange equation would be

\frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial y} = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial \dot{y}} \right)

My guess would be I'm not treating it as two dimensional? But then how do I proceed to do so? I can't visualize what the problem wants me to do.

EDIT:

I think I have it, maybe I should call y as a 'parameter' and work this problem through \vec{r} = \vec{r}(a(y), b(y)), where a(y) = y \cos \alpha and b(y) = y?

EDIT 2:
Nevermind, I'd still be working solely in terms of y.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
My interpretation of the problem is that x is varies along the width of the plane. In other words, the plane in which the motion happens in the x-y plane, not that x is horizontal and y vertical.

14553906452461.png
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 18 ·
Replies
18
Views
3K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
6K
  • · Replies 0 ·
Replies
0
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
3K