What Are the Electromagnetic Parameters of Carbon Fiber for CST Simulations?

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SUMMARY

The electromagnetic parameters of carbon fiber for CST simulations include a relative permeability (μr) of 1.00 and a relative permittivity (εr) also expected to be 1.00, due to carbon fibers being a minor component in the composite material. Conductivity (σ) values can range from 526 S/cm to 2200 S/cm, depending on the specific formulation and binder used. For applications such as simulating the radar cross-section (RCS) of drone propellers made from carbon fiber, it is crucial to select materials with predictable electromagnetic properties and consider surface resistance to minimize radar signatures.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic parameters: ε (permittivity), μ (permeability), and σ (conductivity).
  • Familiarity with CST simulation software for electromagnetic modeling.
  • Knowledge of composite materials and their fabrication processes.
  • Experience with radar cross-section (RCS) analysis in aerospace applications.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the electromagnetic properties of various composite materials used in aerospace applications.
  • Learn about CST simulation techniques for modeling radar cross-sections.
  • Investigate stealth technology specifications for composite materials.
  • Study the impact of surface resistance on radar visibility in drone design.
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Aerospace engineers, materials scientists, and simulation specialists involved in the design and analysis of composite materials for stealth applications.

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I would like to know parameters of this material, such as: ##\epsilon##, ##\mu## and ##\sigma##, for EM simulations with CST.
I can't find anything similar to carbon fibers or general plastic in the CST material library. Google is not helping me this time.
Does anyone know something more on this topic?

Thanks.
 
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Carbon fibres come in many forms. How is the surface fabricated? What holds it together?

Carbon fibres are long thin resistors. They are not effected by magnets, so ur = 1.00 and I expect Er will also be 1.00 because they are a very small component of the space they fill, but conductivity will be most important. Cross connections between fibres will be determined by the binder that holds them in place. We need more information about your application before we can help further.
Here is a start.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0f52/20d5451a03a92cad8d9f6ea387a3cc0f0b8a.pdf
 
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From the linked PDF I see that the value of ##\sigma## can oscillate between 526 S/cm and 2200 S/cm.

Baluncore said:
How is the surface fabricated? What holds it together?

Unfortunately, I don't know. I simply would simulate the RCS of a drone propeller, "made of carbon fiber".
 
There are many google hits for; RCS of composite propeller
Maybe search for stealth specifications of composites.

If you want to design a propeller that will not return a significant doppler signature, then you will have to select composites designed to have a surface resistance of 377 ohm, like air. A duct around the prop will also need to be absorptive so the shadow of the prop is not seen. You must select materials based on predictable EM properties.

If you are modeling an existing propeller, you will have to measure it.
Have you been following things like this;
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sandor_Bilicz/publication/304371650_The_Radar_Cross_Section_of_small_propellers_on_Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicles/links/5bfe4abb4585157b8172eb44/The-Radar-Cross-Section-of-small-propellers-on-Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicles.pdf?origin=publication_detail
 
Thanks for the documents.
 

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